Table 2.
The average fitness values and STD values obtained by all algorithms.
| Measures | Image | K | WOA-DE | WOA | SSA | SCA | ALO | HSO | BA | PSO | BDE | IDSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | Image1 | 4 | 18.5843 | 18.5843 | 18.5843 | 18.5632 | 18.5843 | 18.5761 | 18.5818 | 18.5842 | 18.5843 | 18.5843 |
| 6 | 23.8418 | 23.73 | 23.8408 | 23.479 | 23.8417 | 23.755 | 23.8085 | 23.8412 | 23.8115 | 23.8383 | ||
| 8 | 28.5094 | 28.4605 | 28.5051 | 27.8225 | 28.4627 | 28.385 | 27.7631 | 28.4991 | 28.5118 | 28.5139 | ||
| 10 | 32.8462 | 32.8432 | 32.8325 | 31.3685 | 32.8443 | 32.6682 | 32.0858 | 32.7519 | 32.8455 | 32.7269 | ||
| 12 | 36.8534 | 36.7164 | 36.7269 | 34.5881 | 36.7313 | 36.6221 | 34.7641 | 36.696 | 36.7642 | 36.7764 | ||
| Image6 | 4 | 18.4839 | 18.4784 | 18.4817 | 18.4434 | 18.4836 | 18.4778 | 18.4745 | 18.4839 | 18.4816 | 18.4836 | |
| 6 | 24.0059 | 23.9988 | 23.9994 | 23.765 | 24.005 | 23.9687 | 23.9225 | 24.0015 | 24.0051 | 24.0059 | ||
| 8 | 28.937 | 28.8743 | 28.8836 | 27.9973 | 28.9272 | 28.8508 | 28.2696 | 28.9293 | 28.9342 | 28.9196 | ||
| 10 | 33.3483 | 33.3009 | 33.1851 | 31.8768 | 33.2743 | 33.0867 | 31.6321 | 33.3197 | 33.3079 | 33.2562 | ||
| 12 | 37.3674 | 37.271 | 37.1046 | 35.8876 | 37.3246 | 36.8644 | 35.1068 | 37.1813 | 37.3553 | 37.2569 | ||
| STD | Image1 | 4 | 0 | 2.66 × 10−5 | 2.66 × 10−5 | 4.39 × 10−3 | 5.83 × 10−5 | 3.19 × 10−3 | 2.17 × 10−3 | 2.68 × 10−5 | 2.47 | 1.58 × 10−1 |
| 6 | 3.25 × 10−5 | 1.61 × 10−4 | 9.58 × 10−4 | 7.45 × 10−2 | 2.95 × 10−4 | 1.97 × 10−2 | 5.39 × 10−2 | 4.33 × 10−4 | 8.41 × 10−1 | 1.59 | ||
| 8 | 4.32 × 10−4 | 2.74 × 10−2 | 8.89 × 10−3 | 1.33 × 10−1 | 3.24 × 10−2 | 3.38 × 10−2 | 1.82 × 10−1 | 7.30 × 10−3 | 1.3 | 9.98 × 10−1 | ||
| 10 | 3.38 × 10−3 | 5.36 × 10−3 | 3.90 × 10−2 | 2.67 × 10−1 | 4.91 × 10−2 | 3.24 × 10−2 | 1.51 × 10−1 | 3.34 × 10−2 | 7.76 × 10−1 | 7.27 × 10−1 | ||
| 12 | 1.83 × 10−2 | 3.25 × 10−2 | 7.48 × 10−2 | 2.30 × 10−1 | 6.12 × 10−2 | 5.02 × 10−2 | 6.41 × 10−1 | 7.35 × 10−2 | 6.66 × 10−1 | 6.65 × 10−1 | ||
| Image6 | 4 | 3.91 × 10−3 | 7.91 × 10−3 | 4.81 × 10−3 | 1.24 × 10−2 | 8.29 × 10−1 | 5.49 × 10−3 | 4.60 × 10−3 | 3.93 × 10−3 | 6.96 × 10−3 | 2.92 × 10−1 | |
| 6 | 1.68 × 10−2 | 3.81 × 10−3 | 1.94 × 10−2 | 6.82 × 10−2 | 4.20 × 10−3 | 3.58 × 10−2 | 2.96 × 10−2 | 5.03 × 10−3 | 4.66 | 1.75 | ||
| 8 | 1.57 × 10−2 | 2.64 × 10−2 | 1.64 × 10−2 | 1.60 × 10−1 | 2.48 × 10−2 | 4.37 × 10−2 | 3.94 × 10−1 | 6.14 × 10−2 | 3.88 | 9.82 × 10−1 | ||
| 10 | 2.15 × 10−2 | 4.26 × 10−2 | 3.64 × 10−2 | 1.40 × 10−1 | 5.49 × 10−2 | 2.50 × 10−2 | 4.03 × 10−1 | 3.55 × 10−2 | 2.28 | 8.98 × 10−1 | ||
| 12 | 1.53 × 10−2 | 3.02 × 10−2 | 9.90 × 10−2 | 2.85 × 10−1 | 2.52 × 10−2 | 6.41 × 10−2 | 3.37 × 10−1 | 3.43 × 10−2 | 1.67 | 1.25 |