Figure 11.

Integration of the system in Figure 10. The informational structure of the partition $\{u_1,u_2\}/\{u_3\}$ is shown in the left. It is the one with both most similar $ci$ and $ei$ values to those of the original system. The integration $\phi$ is the minimum of ${\phi }_{\mathrm{cause}}$ and ${\phi }_{\mathrm{effect}}$, which are the (absolute value of the) differences between cause information and effect information in the original system and the partition.