Table 4.

Statistical results for the effects of head shaking (phase effect) on the entropy of the PP_k time series for the four testing conditions based on repeated-measure analysis of variance (rANOVA) (black letters) or Friedmann tests (grey letters). For rANOVA results, partial eta-square (η²) values are reported as a measure of the effect size. Asterisks (*) indicate significance, and two asterisks (**) indicate highly significant head-shaking effects on the entropy of the movement component.

PPk	Trial		Overall				Post-Hoc between Phases
			F | χ2	DoF	p-Value	η 2	1–2	2–3	1–3
PP1	Nodding head	eyes open	10.894	2, 30	0.001 **	0.421	0.001 *	-	0.033 *
		eyes closed	0.213	2, 30	0.809	0.014	-	-	-
	Tilting head	eyes open	0.302	1.469, 22.028	0.675	0.020	-	-	-
		eyes closed	4.244	1.405, 21.078	0.040 *	0.221	0.040 *	-	-
PP2	Nodding head	eyes open	5.907	2, 30	0.007 *	0.283	0.034 *	0.030 *	0.024 *
		eyes closed	2.865	2, 30	0.078	0.160	-	-	-
	Tilting head	eyes open	6.500	2	0.039 *	-	0.040 *	-	-
		eyes closed	6.175	2, 30	0.006 *	0.292	0.045 *	0.017 *	-
PP3	Nodding head	eyes open	6.258	2, 30	0.005 *	0.294	0.025 *	-	-
		eyes closed	1.365	2, 30	0.271	0.083	-	-	-
	Tilting head	eyes open	9.820	2, 30	0.001 *	0.369	0.022 *	0.007 *	-
		eyes closed	12.310	2, 30	0.001 **	0.451	0.001 **	0.007 *	-
PP4	Nodding head	eyes open	5.158	2, 30	0.012 *	0.256	-	-	-
		eyes closed	1.580	2, 30	0.223	0.095	-	-	-
	Tilting head	eyes open	9.745	2, 30	0.001 *	0.394	0.005 *	0.006 *	-
		eyes closed	13.225	2, 30	0.001 **	0.469	0.003 *	0.003 *	-
PP5	Nodding head	eyes open	1.392	2, 30	0.264	0.085	-	-	-
		eyes closed	1.793	2, 30	0.184	0.107	-	-
	Tilting head	eyes open	3.412	2, 30	0.046 *	0.185	-	-	-
		eyes closed	7.148	2, 30	0.003 *	0.323	0.007 *	0.038 *	-