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NAD in Salmonella is either synthesized de novo starting from aspartate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) or generated from Nm, NA, or quinolinic acid scavenged from outside the cell. Nicotinamide ribonucleoside (not shown) can also be taken up and converted into NMN (41). DNA ligase and other enzymes utilize NAD and break it down primarily into NMN. PRPP, phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate.
