Table 1.
Comparison of Patients With and Without Barotrauma, at Admission to Critical Care
| Barotrauma Group (n = 8) | Nonbarotrauma Group (n = 75) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline characteristics | |||
| Age, yr, median (IQR) | 54.5 (37.8–57.4) | 57.8 (50.4–65.2) | 0.134a |
| Sex, n (%) | 0.102b | ||
| Male | 8 (100.0) | 53 (70.7) | |
| Female | 0 (0.0) | 22 (29.3) | |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | 0.046b | ||
| Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic | 8 (100.0) | 45 (61.6) | |
| White | 0 (0·0) | 28 (38.4) | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, median (IQR) | 28 (27–29) | 30 (26–34) | 0.367a |
| Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale, median (IQR) | 3 (2–3) | 2 (2–3) | 0.262a |
| Smoking history, n (%) | 2 (25.0) | 21 (28.0) | 1.000b |
| Underlying lung disease, n (%) | 1 (12.5) | 12 (16.0) | 1.000b |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Asthma | 0 (0.0) | 10 (13.3) | |
| Other | 1 (12.5) | 3 (4.0) | |
| Connective tissue disease, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (5.3) | 1.000b |
| Blood values at critical care admission (normal range), median (IQR) | |||
| Neutrophils (2.0–7.0 × 109/L) | 7.4 (6.5–7.7) | 7·8 (5·5–10·7) | 0.454a |
| Lymphocyte (1.0–3.0 × 109/L) | 0.7 (0.5–1.1) | 0·9 (0·6–1·1) | 0.369a |
| Creatinine (44–80 µmol/L) | 76 (70–97) | 94 (73–109) | 0.250a |
| C-reactive protein (0–5 mg/L) | 219 (163–232) | 180 (120–250) | 0.547a |
| Duration of symptoms prior to critical care admission, d, median (IQR) | 10 (8–14) | 7 (6–10) | 0.073a |
| Indicators of disease severity at critical care admission, median (IQR) | |||
| Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score | 13 (9–18) | 14 (12–17) | 0.557a |
| Ratio of Pao2 and Fio2, mm Hg | 76 (67–81) | 77 (65–96) | 0.886a |
| Initial mode of advanced respiratory support, n (%) | 0.007b | ||
| Continuous positive airway pressure or noninvasive ventilation | 7 (87.5) | 27 (36.0) | |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation | 1 (12.5) | 48 (64.0) |
IQR = interquartile range.
p values were calculated by independent samples Mann-Whitney U test (a) or Fisher exact test (b).