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. 2020 Sep 24;10:15644. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-72654-8

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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LPA-18:2 levels in RRMS and SPMS patients with stable or progressed disability. (A,B) Tables show the demographic features of the cohorts of SPMS (A) and RRMS (B) patients from which additional plasma lipidomic datasets were obtained. SPMS, secondary progressive MS; SPMS-NP, secondary progressive MS with non-progressed disability; SPMS-P, secondary progressive MS with progressed disability; RRMS, relapsing–remitting MS; RRMS-S, relapsing–remitting MS with stable disability; RRMS-P, relapsing–remitting MS with progressed disability; M, male; F, female. Age is expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Mann–Whitney test was applied to assess differences in terms of age. Fisher exact test was applied to assess differences in terms of gender. (C,D) Graphs show LPA-18:2 levels in the plasma of SPMS and RRMS patients with either a stable or more rapid disease course. Scatter plot graphs are presented with the mean ± SEM. (C) LPA-18:2 levels were lower in the plasma of SPMS-P compared with SPMS-NP patients. SPMS-NP, n = 6; SPMS-P, n = 5. (D) No differences in LPA-18:2 plasma levels were observed between RRMS-S and RRMS-P patients. RRMS-S, n = 13; RRMS-P, n = 11. Differences in LPA-18:2 levels were assessed using the independent t-test (*p < 0.05).