Table 1.
Characteristics of the studied Enterobacterales isolates.
| Resistance profile (no. of strains) | Species (no. of strains) | β-lactamase content (no. of strains) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3GC susceptible (50) | No resistance to β-lactams (19) | E. coli (18) | None (18) |
| P. mirabilis (1) | None (1) | ||
| Penicillinases (22) | E. coli (17) | TEM-1 (10) | |
| Inhibitor-resistant TEM (7) | |||
| K. pneumoniae (3) | SHV-1 (2) | ||
| Inhibitor-resistant TEM (1) | |||
| C. koseri (2) | CKO (2) | ||
| Cephalosporinases (9) | M. morganii (3) | Low-level AmpC (3) | |
| P. rettgeri (2) | Low-level AmpC (2) | ||
| K. aerogenes (1) | Low-level AmpC (1) | ||
| E. cloacae (1) | Low-level AmpC (1) | ||
| E. coli (1) | Low-level AmpC (1) | ||
| S. marcescens (1) | Low-level AmpC (1) | ||
| β-lactamases conferring resistance to 3GC (70) | ESBL (29) | E. coli (16) | CTX-M-group 1 (7) |
| CTX-M-group 1 + CTX-M-group 8 (5) | |||
| CTX-M-group 9 (4) | |||
| P. mirabilis (5) | CTX-M-group 1 (3) | ||
| CTX-M-group 9 (1) | |||
| CTX-M no group typed (1) | |||
| K. pneumoniae (4) | CTX-M-group 1 + SHV-1 (2) | ||
| SHV-5 (1) | |||
| CTX-M-group 1 + CTX-M-group 8 + SHV-1 (1) | |||
| E. cloacae (3) | CTX-M-group 1 + High-level AmpC (1) | ||
| CTX-M-group 9 + High-level AmpC (1) | |||
| TEM-24 + High-level AmpC (1) | |||
| K. oxytoca (1) | CTX-M-group 8 + OXY-1 (1) | ||
| Chromosomal overproduced cephalosporinases (29) | E. cloacae (9) | High-level AmpC (9) | |
| E. coli (6) | High-level AmpC (6) | ||
| K. aerogenes (6) | High-level AmpC (6) | ||
| C. freundii (4) | High-level AmpC (4) | ||
| M. morganii (3) | High-level AmpC (3) | ||
| H. alvei (1) | High-level AmpC (1) | ||
| Plasmid cephalosporinases (9) | K. pneumoniae (9) | DHA-1 + SHV-1 (9) | |
| Chromosomal overproduced penicillinases (3) | K. oxytoca (3) | High-level OXY-1 (3) | |
| Carbapenemases (30) | Class A carbapenemase (6) | K. pneumoniae (5) | KPC-2 + SHV-1 (4) |
| KPC-2 + CTX-M-group 1 + SHV-1 (1) | |||
| E. cloacae (1) | IMI-1 + Low-level AmpC (1) | ||
| Class B carbapenemase (10) | E. cloacae (4) | VIM-1 + High-level AmpC (3) | |
| VIM-1 + CTX-M-group 9 (1) | |||
| E. coli (2) | NDM-1 + CTX-M-group 9 (1) | ||
| NDM-1 + DHA (1) | |||
| K. pneumoniae (2) | NDM-1 + CTX-M-group 1 + SHV-1 (2) | ||
| C. freundii (1) | VIM-1 + High-level AmpC (1) | ||
| P. mirabilis (1) | NDM-1 (1) | ||
| Class D carbapenemase (12) | K. pneumoniae (4) | OXA-48 + SHV-1 (2) | |
| OXA-48 + CTX-M-group 1 + SHV-1 (2) | |||
| K. aerogenes (2) | OXA-48 + Low-level AmpC (2) | ||
| E. cloacae (2) | OXA-48 + CTX-M-group 1 + Low-level AmpC (2) | ||
| E. coli (2) | OXA-48 (1) | ||
| OXA-181 + CTX-M-group 1 (1) | |||
| K. oxytoca (1) | OXA-48 + OXY-1 (1) | ||
| S. marcescens (1) | OXA-48 + Low-level AmpC (1) | ||
| Class B + D carbapenemase (2) | K. pneumoniae (2) | NDM-1 + OXA-48 + CTX-M-group 1 + SHV-1 (2) | |