Table 1.

Interventions to be combined with electronic adherence monitoring.

Intervention	Description
Data-informed counseling	Records of monitor openings are reviewed on a smartphone, tablet, or computer and discussed at each clinic visit to identify specific challenges and develop effective solutions to overcome future adherence barriers.
One-way scheduled SMSa to patients	SMS messages are sent to patients daily to encourage adherence (eg, through establishing the habit of daily pill taking and/or reminding patients that the clinic supports them). SMS are sent regardless of the recorded adherence.
One-way triggered SMS	When real-time monitors are used, SMS are sent to patients when one or more doses are taken late or missed. The SMS are sent to the patient and/or a social supporter (ie, a person who knows the patient’s HIV status and is willing to provide support).
Two-way SMS	Both scheduled and triggered SMS allow for a callback from study staff to provide support directly at that time.
Alarms	Monitors are programmed to make audio-visual alerts when it is time to take medication.

^aSMS: short message service.