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. 2020 Mar 18;22(3):354. doi: 10.3390/e22030354
r Coordinate measured in radial direction
(u,v) Velocity components along x and r directions
μnf Effective dynamic viscosity of nanofluid
ρnf Density of nanofluid
υnf Kinematic viscosity of nanofluid
k* Darcy-permeability of the porous medium
Cb Drag coefficient
ϕd Volume fraction of dust particles
K Stokes resistance
N Number density of dust particles
σ Electric conductivity
B0 Applied magnetic field
m Hall parameter
md Mass concentration of the dust particles
knf Effective thermal conductivity of the nanofluid
(ρCp)nf Effective heat capacitance of the nanofluid
N 1 Density of the particle phase
τv Relaxation time of dust particles
τT Thermal equilibrium time
τw Shear stress at the surface
S˙GEN Entropy generation rate per unit volume
(up,vp) Velocity components of particle phase in x and r directions
cm Specific heat of the dust particles
uw Velocity of the moving needle
u Velocity outside the boundary layer
T Dimensional temperature of the nanofluid
Tp Temperature of the dust particle
Tw Constant surface temperature of the thin needle
T Ambient temperature
λ Porosity parameter
Fr Forchheimer parameter
α Dust particles mass concentration
β Fluid particle interaction parameter for velocity
M Magnetic field parameter
Pr Prandtl number
Nr Nonlinear radiation parameter
θr Temperature ratio parameter
Ec Eckert number
βT Fluid particle interaction parameter for temperature
γ Ratio of specific heat
qw Surface heat flux
NS Entropy generation number