Table 4.
Demographic characteristics during ‘endline’ period (2008–2009)
| SR arm | AWW arm | Control arm | |
| Population | 309 431 | 337 300 | 314 359 |
| Households | 59 848 | 66 888 | 61 042 |
| Births | 6623 | 6852 | 5898 |
| Live births | 6525 | 6728 | 5797 |
| Still births | 98 | 124 | 101 |
| Religion | |||
| Hindu | 6207 (93.7) | 6351 (92.7) | 5329 (90.3) |
| Muslim | 346 (5.2) | 438 (6.4) | 508 (8.6) |
| Others | 70 (1.1) | 63 (0.9) | 61 (1.1) |
| Caste | |||
| Scheduled caste | 1417 (21.3) | 1443 (21.0) | 1285 (21.7) |
| Scheduled tribe | 755 (11.4) | 1036 (15.2) | 659 (11.2) |
| Other backward castes | 3522 (53.2) | 3402 (49.6) | 2740 (46.4) |
| Others | 929 (14.0) | 971 (14.2) | 1214 (20.7) |
| Maternal education | |||
| Illiterate | 1331 (20.0) | 1346 (19.7) | 1379 (23.4) |
| Primary to middle school | 1348 (20.4) | 1475 (21.5) | 1412 (24.0) |
| High school and above | 3844 (59.6) | 4031 (58.8) | 3107 (52.6) |
| Proportion of villages with | n=351 | n=430 | n=344 |
| Access to primary health centre* | 27 (7.8) | 50 (11.6) | 31 (8.8) |
| Access to community health centre* | 21 (6.1) | 37 (8.0) | 10 (2.8) |
| Distance to district hospital <25 km | 38 (11.0) | 103 (23.9) | 164 (46.7) |
| Private clinic/nursing home | 13 (2.8) | 23 (5.3) | 10 (2.8) |
| ASHA provider | 299 (86.9) | 346 (80.5) | 312 (88.9) |
| Functioning JSY programme | 307 (89.2) | 350 (81.4) | 326 (92.8) |
| Antenatal visit(s) by ANM | n=6341 | n=6560 | n=5688 |
| At least 1 visit | 5892 (92.9) | 5740 (87.5) | 5270 (92.6) |
| >3 visits | 2129 (33.6) | 2702 (41.2) | 2698 (47.4) |
| Tetanus immunisation | 6037/6448 (93.6) | 6019/6643 (90.6) | 5350/5717 (93.6) |
| Place of delivery | |||
| Home | 2057 (31.0) | 2440 (35.6) | 1737 (29.4) |
| Facility | 4566 (69.0) | 4412 (64.4) | 4161 (70.6) |
| Delivery attended by | n=5515 | n=5675 | n=5015 |
| Unskilled personnel | 807 (14.6) | 924 (16.3) | 719 (14.3) |
| Skilled birth attendant | 4708 (85.4) | 4751 (83.7) | 4296 (85.7) |
| Mother received payment under JSY (for deliveries at health facility) | 3208/4566 (70.3) | 3285/4412 (74.5) | 2633/4161 (63.3) |
Data are number (%).
*Access to health facility means that the village is connected by all-weather road to a health facility.
ANM, auxiliary nurse midwives; ASHA, accredited social health activist; AWW, anganwadi workers; JSY, Janani Suraksha Yojana; SR, Shishu Rakshak.