Table 1.
Population characteristics
| Immigration period | Swedish born | Migration before 1990 | Migration 1990– 1994 |
Migration 1995– 2004 |
Migration 2005 onwards | P value* | |
| Total | 4 025 413 | 347 280 | 162 666 | 235 768 | 379 626 | ||
| Sex | Female | 2 067 781 (51.4%) | 168 615 (48.6%) | 81 207 (49.9%) | 112 655 (47.8%) | 199 783 (52.6%) | <0.001 |
| Male | 1 957 632 (48.6%) | 178 665 (51.4%) | 81 459 (50.1%) | 123 113 (52.2%) | 179 844 (47.4%) | ||
| Age at start, mean (SD) | 38.6 (13.5) | 44.0 (11.5) | 35.2 (11.6) | 32.7 (9.9) | 31.6 (9.5) | <0.001 | |
| Age at end†, mean (SD) | 48.5 (14.0) | 53.1 (12.1) | 44.1 (12.1) | 41.1 (10.7) | 38.0 (9.9) | <0.001 | |
| Region of origin | Sweden | 4 025 413 (100.0%) | |||||
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 11 584 (3.3%) | 14 166 (8.7%) | 17 585 (7.5%) | 39 390 (10.4%) | |||
| Asia | 34 295 (9.9%) | 13 680 (8.4%) | 33 238 (14.1%) | 72 251 (19.0%) | |||
| Eastern Europe, Russia and the Baltics | 57 303 (16.5%) | 71 559 (44.0%) | 54 641 (23.2%) | 87 669 (23.1%) | |||
| Western and Southern Europe | 28 833 (8.3%) | 4824 (3.0%) | 24 195 (10.3%) | 41 462 (10.9%) | |||
| Nordics | 112 233 (32.3%) | 6175 (3.8%) | 22 174 (9.4%) | 32 127 (8.5%) | |||
| Middle East and North Africa | 67 702 (19.5%) | 43 259 (26.6%) | 65 708 (27.9%) | 83 442 (22.0%) | |||
| USA, Canada and Oceania | 4813 (1.4%) | 1714 (1.1%) | 6702 (2.8%) | 9379 (2.5%) | |||
| South America | 30 517 (8.8%) | 7289 (4.5%) | 11 525 (4.9%) | 13 907 (3.7%) | |||
| Income quintile‡ | Lowest | 225 266 (5.6%) | 49 223 (14.2%) | 45 737 (28.1%) | 103 935 (44.1%) | 232 315 (61.2%) | <0.001 |
| Lower middle | 748 309 (18.6%) | 84 489 (24.3%) | 51 515 (31.7%) | 62 019 (26.3%) | 76 774 (20.2%) | ||
| Middle | 1 137 605 (28.3%) | 87 888 (25.3%) | 38 123 (23.4%) | 36 829 (15.6%) | 39 742 (10.5%) | ||
| Higher middle | 1 178 546 (29.3%) | 79 859 (23.0%) | 20 643 (12.7%) | 21 195 (9.0%) | 20 158 (5.3%) | ||
| Highest | 735 687 (18.3%) | 45 821 (13.2%) | 6648 (4.1%) | 11 790 (5.0%) | 10 638 (2.8%) | ||
| Any psychiatric care | No | 3 054 595 (75.9%) | 236 346 (68.1%) | 111 541 (68.6%) | 178 566 (75.7%) | 329 800 (86.9%) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 970 818 (24.1%) | 110 934 (31.9%) | 51 125 (31.4%) | 57 202 (24.3%) | 49 827 (13.1%) | ||
| Inpatient care | No | 3 897 475 (96.8%) | 332 476 (95.7%) | 156 838 (96.4% | 228 948 (97.1%) | 373 804 (98.5%) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 127 938 (3.2%) | 14 804 (4.3%) | 5828 (3.6%) | 6820 (2.9%) | 5823 (1.5%) | ||
| Outpatient care | No | 3 632 448 (90.2%) | 303 479 (87.4%) | 140 846 (86.6%) | 211 977 (89.9%) | 361 080 (95.1%) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 392 965 (9.8%) | 43 801 (12.6%) | 21 820 (13.4%) | 23 791 (10.1%) | 18 547 (4.9%) | ||
| Prescribed medication | No | 3 157 534 (78.4%) | 247 281 (71.2%) | 116 942 (71.9%) | 185 242 (78.6%) | 336 528 (88.6%) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 867 879 (21.6%) | 99 999 (28.8%) | 45 724 (28.1%) | 50 526 (21.4%) | 43 099 (11.4%) |
*χ2 test for categorical variables and t-test for continuous variables.
†It is specified with the event as any psychiatric care.
‡The mean income category over the individual’s follow-up period.