Table 3.
Percentage of population reporting secondhand smoke exposure in workplace, healthcare establishments, public agencies, educational institutions and transport services in years 2009–2019, overall and among non-smokers, by sex
| Year | Overall | Males | Females |
| Workplace and public facilities % (95% CI) | |||
| Workplaces | |||
| All respondents | |||
| 2009 | 25.4 (22.8 to 28.2) | 31.8 (27.8 to 36.1) | 19.6 (16.5 to 23.2) |
| 2011 | 13.6 (11.7 to 15.9) | 18.6 (15.4 to 22.3) | 9.1 (7.0 to 11.9) |
| 2013 | 7.2 (5.7 to 9.0) | 8.8 (6.6 to 11.7) | 5.7 (4.0 to 8.0) |
| 2015 | 10.8 (9.0 to 12.8) | 12.1 (9.4 to 15.3) | 9.6 (7.3 to 12.4) |
| 2017 | 7.9 (6.4 to 9.7) | 9.6 (7.3 to 12.5) | 6.3 (4.5 to 8.6) |
| 2019 | 6.7 (5.3 to 8.4) | 7.4 (5.4 to 10.1) | 6.1 (4.3 to 8.5) |
| Non-smokers | |||
| 2009 | 19.2 (16.4 to 22.2) | 23.2 (18.8 to 28.2) | 16.4 (12.8 to 20.0) |
| 2011 | 9.5 (7.6 to 11.9) | 13.1 (9.7 to 17.4) | 7.0 (4.9 to 9.9) |
| 2013 | 6.8 (5.2 to 8.9) | 7.9 (5.5 to 11.3) | 5.9 (4.0 to 8.7) |
| 2015 | 10.1 (8.2 to 12.4) | 12.9 (9.7 to 16.9) | 7.9 (5.7 to 10.9) |
| 2017 | 6.8 (5.3 to 8.8) | 7.9 (5.5 to 11.2) | 6.0 (4.1 to 8.6) |
| 2019 | 6.5 (5.0 to 8.5) | 7.1 (4.9 to 10.2) | 6.0 (4.1 to 8.7) |
| Healthcare establishments | |||
| All respondents | |||
| 2009 | 11.2 (9.4 to 13.3) | 11.1 (8.6 to 14.2) | 8.0 (6.0 to 10.6) |
| 2011 | 4.0 (2.9 to 5.4) | 3.8 (2.4 to 5.9) | 4.2 (2.8 to 6.3) |
| 2013 | 2.6 (1.8 to 3.8) | 1.7 (0.9 to 3.3) | 3.4 (2.2 to 5.4) |
| 2015 | 3.5 (2.5 to 4.8) | 2.9 (1.7 to 4.8) | 4.0 (2.6 to 6.1) |
| 2017 | 2.4 (1.6 to 3.5) | 2.0 (1.1 to 3.7) | 2.8 (1.7 to 4.5) |
| 2019 | 2.3 (1.5 to 3.4) | 2.7 (1.6 to 4.5) | 1.9 (1.0 to 3.5) |
| Non-smokers | |||
| 2009 | 7.9 (6.1 to 10.1) | 9.0 (6.3 to 12.7) | 7.0 (4.9 to 10.0) |
| 2011 | 4.0 (2.8 to 5.8) | 4.1 (2.4 to 7.1) | 4.0 (2.5 to 6.4) |
| 2013 | 3.0 (2.0 to 4.5) | 1.8 (0.8 to 3.9) | 4.0 (2.5 to 6.3) |
| 2015 | 3.5 (2.4 to 5.1) | 3.0 (1.6 to 5.4) | 4.0 (2.5 to 6.2) |
| 2017 | 2.5 (1.7 to 3.9) | 2.0 (1.0 to 4.0) | 3.0 (1.8 to 5.1) |
| 2019 | 2.5 (1.6 to 3.8) | 3.0 (1.7 to 5.3) | 2.1 (1.1 to 3.9) |
| Public agencies and government institutions | |||
| All respondents | |||
| 2009 | 9.5 (7.8 to 11.4) | 8.4 (6.2 to 11.2) | 7.4 (5.5 to 10.0) |
| 2011 | 4.7 (3.5 to 6.2) | 3.8 (2.4 to 5.9) | 5.5 (3.9 to 7.8) |
| 2013 | 2.3 (1.5 to 3.4) | 2.7 (1.6 to 4.6) | 1.9 (1.0 to 3.5) |
| 2015 | 3.1 (2.2 to 4.4) | 2.9 (1.7 to 4.8) | 3.3 (2.0 to 5.1) |
| 2017 | 3.3 (2.3 to 4.5) | 3.4 (2.1 to 5.4) | 3.1 (2.0 to 5.0) |
| 2019 | 2.3 (1.5 to 3.4) | 2.7 (1.6 to 4.5) | 1.9 (1.0 to 3.5) |
| Non-smokers | |||
| 2009 | 6.5 (4.9 to 8.5) | 7.1 (4.7 to 10.5) | 6.0 (4.1 to 8.8) |
| 2011 | 4.6 (3.3 to 6.4) | 4.1 (2.4 to 7.1) | 5.0 (3.2 to 7.5) |
| 2013 | 2.5 (1.6 to 3.9) | 3.0 (1.7 to 5.5) | 2.0 (1.0 to 3.9) |
| 2015 | 3.0 (2.0 to 4.5) | 3.0 (1.6 to 5.4) | 3.0 (1.8 to 5.1) |
| 2017 | 3.0 (2.1 to 4.5) | 3.1 (1.7 to 5.5) | 3.0 (1.8 to 5.1) |
| 2019 | 2.5 (1.6 to 3.8) | 3.0 (1.7 to 5.3) | 2.1 (1.1 to 3.9) |
| Educational institutions | |||
| All respondents | |||
| 2009 | 11.2 (9.4 to 13.3) | 11.1 (8.6 to 14.2) | 11.2 (8.8 to 14.2) |
| 2011 | 7.7 (6.2 to 9.5) | 8.4 (6.2 to 11.2) | 7.0 (5.2 to 9.6) |
| 2013 | 2.3 (1.5 to 3.4) | 2.9 (1.8 to 4.9) | 1.7 (0.9 to 3.2) |
| 2015 | 3.6 (2.6 to 4.9) | 3.3 (2.1 to 5.3) | 3.8 (2.5 to 5.8) |
| 2017 | 3.7 (2.7 to 5.0) | 3.6 (2.3 to 5.6) | 3.7 (2.4 to 5.6) |
| 2019 | 3.0 (2.1 to 4.2) | 3.9 (2.5 to 6.1) | 2.1 (1.2 to 3.7) |
| Non-smokers | |||
| 2009 | 10.1 (8.1 to 12.6) | 9.0 (6.3 to 12.7) | 11.0 (8.3 to 14.5) |
| 2011 | 8.2 (6.4 to 10.5) | 10.0 (7.0 to 14.0) | 7.0 (4.9 to 9.9) |
| 2013 | 2.5 (1.6 to 3.9) | 3.0 (1.7 to 5.5) | 2.0 (1.0 to 3.9) |
| 2015 | 3.9 (2.8 to 5.6) | 3.9 (2.3 to 6.6) | 4.0 (2.5 to 6.2) |
| 2017 | 3.9 (2.8 to 5.5) | 3.9 (2.4 to 6.5) | 3.9 (4.5 to 6.2) |
| 2019 | 3.4 (2.3 to 4.9) | 4.9 (3.1 to 7.6) | 2.1 (1.1 to 3.9) |
| Transport services % (95% CI) | |||
| Public transport stops and facilities | |||
| All respondents | |||
| 2009 | 45.7 (42.6 to 48.8) | 47.7 (43.2 to 52.2) | 43.8 (39.6 to 48.1) |
| 2011 | 30.4 (27.6 to 33.3) | 33.0 (28.9 to 37.3) | 28.0 (24.3 to 31.9) |
| 2013 | 26.5 (23.8 to 29.3) | 24.1 (20.5 to 28.1) | 28.6 (24.9 to 32.6) |
| 2015 | 25.4 (22.8 to 28.2) | 26.0 (22.3 to 30.1) | 24.9 (21.3 to 28.7) |
| 2017 | 23.4 (21.0 to 28.1) | 21.0 (17.7 to 24.8) | 25.6 (22.1 to 29.4) |
| 2019 | 11.7 (9.8 to 13.8) | 11.2 (8.7 to 14.3) | 12.1 (9.6 to 15.2) |
| Non-smokers | |||
| 2009 | 44.2 (40.6 to 47.9) | 47.0 (41.5 to 52.5) | 42.1 (37.4 to 47.0) |
| 2011 | 29.0 (25.7 to 32.5) | 33.0 (27.8 to 38.6) | 26.1 (22.0 to 30.6) |
| 2013 | 27.2 (24.1 to 30.5) | 24.9 (20.6 to 29.9) | 29.0 (24.8 to 33.6) |
| 2015 | 27.4 (24.4 to 30.7) | 29.1 (24.5 to 34.2) | 26.1 (22.1 to 30.4) |
| 2017 | 23.8 (21.0 to 26.9) | 21.1 (17.2 to 25.7) | 26.0 (22.1 to 30.4) |
| 2019 | 11.7 (9.6 to 14.1) | 10.1 (7.4 to 13.6) | 13.0 (10.1 to 16.5) |
| Public transportation vehicles | |||
| All respondents | |||
| 2009 | 15.6 (13.4 to 17.9) | 19.0 (15.8 to 22.8) | 12.4 (9.8 to 15.5) |
| 2011 | 6.4 (5.0 to 8.1) | 5.6 (4.1 to 8.3) | 6.8 (5.0 to 9.3) |
| 2013 | 4.6 (3.5 to 6.1) | 4.6 (3.1 to 6.9) | 4.6 (3.1 to 6.7) |
| 2015 | 6.6 (5.2 to 8.3) | 7.7 (5.6 to 10.4) | 5.5 (3.9 to 7.9) |
| 2017 | 3.7 (2.8 to 5.1) | 4.2 (2.8 to 6.4) | 3.3 (2.1 to 5.2) |
| 2019 | 3.1 (2.2 to 4.3) | 3.5 (2.2 to 5.6) | 2.7 (1.6 to 4.4) |
| Non-smokers | |||
| 2009 | 13.9 (11.6 to 16.7) | 19.0 (15.0 to 23.7) | 10.0 (7.5 to 13.4) |
| 2011 | 5.6 (4.1 to 7.6) | 5.2 (3.2 to 8.3) | 6.0 (4.0 to 8.7) |
| 2013 | 4.9 (3.6 to 6.7) | 4.9 (3.0 to 7.8) | 4.9 (3.2 to 7.5) |
| 2015 | 7.7 (6.0 to 9.9) | 9.9 (7.1 to 13.6) | 6.1 (4.2 to 8.7) |
| 2017 | 3.9 (2.8 to 5.5) | 3.9 (2.4 to 6.5) | 3.9 (2.5 to 6.2) |
| 2019 | 3.0 (2.0 to 4.4) | 3.0 (1.7 to 5.3) | 3.0 (1.8 to 5.1) |