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a) Maps of electrostatic potential surface (ESP) and the dihedral angels for Q8P, Q8PBn and Q8PNap. The ESP maps are showed using the same color scar bar from red (−5 × 10−2, negative) to blue (5 × 10−2, positive). b) Optimized ground state (S0) and excited state (S1) geometries of Q8, Q8PBn and Q8PNap at the optimally B3LYP/6–31G(d) scrf method with Gaussian 09 software.
