Table 1.

Overview of included papers.

1st author, year; Study name	Participant recruitment and data collection technique	Number of women; Mean age/range; Length of follow-up in longitudinal studies	Exposure examined, and description of scales used, or questions asked	Outcomes examined	Overall study exposures and outcomes
LONGITUDINAL: United States
Mason, 2012 [34] Nurses’ Health Study II (NHSII)	Registered female nurses; Mailed surveys	51 434; mean age: 52 years; 6-year follow-up	Sexual IPV in adulthood (age 18+); ‘Has your spouse/significant other ever forced you to have sexual activities?’	Self-reported hypertension	Exposures: physical, sexual and emotional IPV Outcomes: hypertension incidence
Mason, 2013 [35] NHSII	Registered female nurses; Mailed surveys	64 732; mean age 47 years; 6-year follow-up	Lifetime sexual IPV: ‘Has your spouse/significant other ever forced you to have sexual activities?’	Self-reported diabetes, BMI assessment was not described	Exposures: physical, sexual, and psychological IPV Outcomes: diabetes incidence
Mason, 2017 [36] Project EAT	Public middle and high school; Mailed questionnaires (baseline); Online or paper surveys (follow-up)	619; mean age: 19 years at baseline; ≥18 years at baseline; 5-year follow-up	Ever sexual IPV; sexual IPV questions derived from Sexual Experiences Survey	Self-reported height and weight to calculate BMI	Exposures: physical and sexual IPV; depressive symptoms Outcomes: weight-related health
CROSS-SECTIONAL: United States
Frayne, 1999 [37] Veterans Administration (VA) Women’s Health Project	VA outpatient health services; Mailed survey	3,543; ≥18 years	Sexual assault while in the military; ‘Did you ever have an experience where someone used force or the threat of force to have sexual relations with you against your will while you were in the military?’	Self-reported treatment for a heart attack or stroke within the past year; angina or chest pain, other heart problems, hypertension, diabetes, obesity	Exposures: sexual assault while in the military Outcomes: a wide spectrum of physical symptoms and medical conditions
Bonomi, 2007 [38]	Health insurer enrolment files; Telephone survey	3,008; 18–64 years	Adult lifetime sexual IPV; questions from BRFSS survey	Collection of weight and height data to calculate BMI is not described	Exposures: sexual and physical IPV Outcomes: mental, social and physical health
Smith, 2010 [39] Epidemiologic STudy of HEalth Risk (ESTHER) Project	Community-based convenience sample of heterosexual and lesbian women	867; 35–64 years	Adult sexual abuse; ‘Since the age of 18, was there a time when someone forced you to have sexual activity that you really did not want?’	Clinical assessments of height and weight done to diagnose obesity	Exposures: sexual abuse and sexual orientation Outcomes: heart disease risk factors
Newton, 2011 [40]	Community-based convenience sample of 45–60-year-old post-menopausal women; questionnaire interviews and clinical measurements	68; mean age: 54.7 years	IPV: Sexual coercion experienced >1 year ago; assessed by the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale	Collection of weight and height data to calculate BMI is not described	Exposures: IPV: physical assault, sexual coercion, stalking, and psychological aggression Outcomes: biologic mediators of inflammation
Cichowski, 2017 [41]	Women treated by a VA primary care physician at any time since 1997; Clinical records obtained from American Veterans’ Health Administration Corporate Data Warehouse	516,950; mean age: 63.3 years (MST) mean age: 67.4 years (no MST)	MST; MST screening questionnaire	Average BMI calculated using average height and weight over time	Exposures: MST Outcomes: chronic pain conditions
Pandey, 2018 [42]	Veterans’ Health Administration database for 2014; Review of electronic medical records	213,985; ≥18 years Age range: 20–103 years	MST; MST screen or use of a specialty MST clinic in 2014	Anthropometric data from electronic medical records calculated BMI	Exposures: MST, PTSD Outcomes: obesity

BP: blood pressure; BMI: body mass index; IPV: intimate partner violence; MST: military sexual trauma; BRFSS: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; PTSD: post-traumatic stress disorder.