Table 1.
Mean () and standard deviation () of point estimates, mean squared error (MSE), the percent bias (Pct Bias) and the percent convergence (Pct Cvrg) for and for both 2nd and 4th order LDEs over all simulated conditions where the convolution kernel covered 1/2 a cycle of the simulated DLO (i.e., the embedding dimension was 1/2 the number of samples per cycle).
| Simulation | MODEL A | MODEL B | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Est | Pct | Pct | Est | Pct | Pct | ||||||
| N | SNR | Sim | () | MSE | Bias | Cvrg | () | MSE | Bias | Cvrg | |
| 50 | 1 | −0.5 | −0.425(0.095) | 0.015 | −14.9 | 96.6 | −0.495(0.107) | 0.012 | −1.0 | 95.2 | |
| −0.1 | −0.088(0.070) | 0.005 | −12.3 | −0.089(0.080) | 0.007 | −11.0 | |||||
| 100 | 1 | −0.5 | −0.428(0.015) | 0.005 | −14.3 | 99.6 | −0.507(0.023) | 0.001 | 1.4 | 98.0 | |
| −0.1 | −0.093(0.031) | 0.001 | −7.1 | −0.102(0.035) | 0.001 | 2.2 | |||||
| 300 | 1 | −0.5 | −0.427(0.009) | 0.005 | −14.7 | 99.1 | −0.504(0.014) | 0.000 | 0.9 | 96.9 | |
| −0.1 | −0.093(0.016) | 0.000 | −7.2 | −0.102(0.018) | 0.000 | 2.4 | |||||
| 50 | 2 | −0.5 | −0.421(0.042) | 0.008 | −15.7 | 95.5 | −0.484(0.052) | 0.003 | −3.1 | 96.0 | |
| −0.1 | −0.092(0.033) | 0.001 | −8.0 | −0.092(0.040) | 0.002 | −7.8 | |||||
| 100 | 2 | −0.5 | −0.427(0.008) | 0.005 | −14.6 | 95.6 | −0.503(0.011) | 0.000 | 0.6 | 92.4 | |
| −0.1 | −0.092(0.015) | 0.000 | −8.0 | −0.101(0.017) | 0.000 | 1.5 | |||||
| 300 | 2 | −0.5 | −0.425(0.004) | 0.006 | −14.9 | 75.8 | −0.502(0.006) | 0.000 | 0.4 | 93.3 | |
| −0.1 | −0.091(0.008) | 0.000 | −8.6 | −0.101(0.009) | 0.000 | 1.4 | |||||
| 50 | 4 | −0.5 | −0.416(0.021) | 0.008 | −16.9 | 42.2 | −0.480(0.027) | 0.001 | −4.1 | 94.6 | |
| −0.1 | −0.089(0.017) | 0.000 | −10.6 | −0.092(0.020) | 0.000 | −7.7 | |||||
| 100 | 4 | −0.5 | −0.426(0.004) | 0.005 | −14.8 | 51.0 | −0.502(0.006) | 0.000 | 0.5 | 85.3 | |
| −0.1 | −0.092(0.008) | 0.000 | −7.9 | −0.102(0.008) | 0.000 | 2.0 | |||||
| 300 | 4 | −0.5 | −0.427(0.009) | 0.005 | −14.5 | 98.8 | −0.505(0.014) | 0.000 | 1.1 | 96.4 | |
| −0.1 | −0.093(0.016) | 0.000 | −7.0 | −0.103(0.018) | 0.000 | 2.8 | |||||
| 50 | 1 | −0.5 | −0.418(0.085) | 0.014 | −16.5 | 98.0 | −0.493(0.105) | 0.011 | −1.3 | 95.6 | |
| −0.3 | −0.276(0.082) | 0.007 | −8.1 | −0.297(0.104) | 0.011 | −1.0 | |||||
| 100 | 1 | −0.5 | −0.424(0.021) | 0.006 | −15.2 | 99.5 | −0.508(0.030) | 0.001 | 1.5 | 97.8 | |
| −0.3 | −0.273(0.031) | 0.002 | −8.9 | −0.303(0.036) | 0.001 | 0.9 | |||||
| 300 | 1 | −0.5 | −0.424(0.020) | 0.006 | −15.1 | 99.7 | −0.508(0.029) | 0.001 | 1.6 | 97.6 | |
| −0.3 | −0.273(0.030) | 0.002 | −9.0 | −0.303(0.034) | 0.001 | 1.0 | |||||
| 50 | 2 | −0.5 | −0.414(0.040) | 0.009 | −17.1 | 94.1 | −0.485(0.051) | 0.003 | −2.9 | 96.5 | |
| −0.3 | −0.273(0.039) | 0.002 | −9.0 | −0.294(0.050) | 0.003 | −2.1 | |||||
| 100 | 2 | −0.5 | −0.422(0.011) | 0.006 | −15.5 | 96.0 | −0.503(0.015) | 0.000 | 0.6 | 94.1 | |
| −0.3 | −0.273(0.016) | 0.001 | −8.9 | −0.304(0.019) | 0.000 | 1.3 | |||||
| 300 | 2 | −0.5 | −0.423(0.014) | 0.006 | −15.3 | 66.9 | −0.506(0.020) | 0.000 | 1.3 | 72.1 | |
| −0.3 | −0.274(0.021) | 0.001 | −8.7 | −0.304(0.024) | 0.001 | 1.5 | |||||
| 50 | 4 | −0.5 | −0.410(0.019) | 0.008 | −18.0 | 24.5 | −0.484(0.025) | 0.001 | −3.2 | 92.5 | |
| −0.3 | −0.271(0.019) | 0.001 | −9.6 | −0.294(0.025) | 0.001 | −1.9 | |||||
| 100 | 4 | −0.5 | −0.421(0.005) | 0.006 | −15.8 | 63.4 | −0.501(0.008) | 0.000 | 0.1 | 86.3 | |
| −0.3 | −0.274(0.008) | 0.001 | −8.6 | −0.305(0.009) | 0.000 | 1.7 | |||||
| 300 | 4 | −0.5 | −0.421(0.005) | 0.006 | −15.9 | 27.3 | −0.502(0.007) | 0.000 | 0.4 | 31.1 | |
| −0.3 | −0.274(0.007) | 0.001 | −8.8 | −0.305(0.009) | 0.000 | 1.6 | |||||