Table 1.
Descriptive Characteristics
| Baseline to Admission | Admission to Postdischarge | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maintained CFS (N = 1,534) | Worsened CFS (N = 4,390) | Maintained CFS (N = 1,565) | Improved CFS (N = 2,546) | |||||
| Age (Myears ± SD) | 79.4 ± 8.5 | 79.7 ± 8.3 | 79.4 ± 8.3 | 78.6 ± 8.1 | ||||
| Median | 80.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 | 79.0 | ||||
| % Female (N) | 54.4% (834) | 52.4% (2,300) | 54.2% (849) | 53.1% (1,353) | ||||
| LOS (Mdays ± SD) | 9.5 ± 10.4 | 11.5 ± 13.1 | 9.7 ± 9.3 | 10.0 ± 10.5 | ||||
| Median | 7.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | ||||
| FI Change (M ± SD) | 0.02 ± 0.04 | 0.08 ± 0.07 | −0.03 ± 0.06 | −0.08 ± 0.07 | ||||
| Median | 0.00 | 0.06 | −0.02 | −0.06 | ||||
| CFS Change (M ± SD) | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | −1.4 ± 0.6 | ||||
| Median | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | −1.0 | ||||
| Baseline | Admission | Baseline | Admission | Admission | Postdischarge | Admission | Postdischarge | |
| FI Score (M ± SD) | 0.23 ± 0.14 | 0.25 ± 0.14 | 0.22 ± 0.12 | 0.30 ± 0.13 | 0.27 ± 0.14 | 0.24 ± 0.14 | 0.27 ± 0.12 | 0.19 ± 0.11 |
| Median | 0.21 | 0.23 | 0.21 | 0.28 | 0.26 | 0.21 | 0.26 | 0.18 |
| CFS Scores (M ± SD) | 4.7 ± 1.6 | 4.7 ± 1.6 | 4.2 ± 1.4 | 5.6 ± 1.4 | 5.0 ± 1.5 | 5.0 ± 1.5 | 5.4 ± 1.2 | 4.0 ± 1.3 |
| Median | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 |
| 1 (Very fit) | 7 | 7 | 37 | 0 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 22 |
| 2 (Well) | 48 | 48 | 244 | 13 | 31 | 31 | 7 | 147 |
| 3 (Managing well) | 407 | 407 | 1,257 | 150 | 296 | 296 | 85 | 875 |
| 4 (Vulnerable) | 350 | 350 | 1,150 | 896 | 338 | 338 | 612 | 657 |
| 5 (Mildly frail) | 183 | 183 | 850 | 978 | 228 | 228 | 650 | 444 |
| 6 (Moderately frail) | 269 | 269 | 587 | 1,154 | 329 | 329 | 659 | 318 |
| 7 (Severely frail) | 240 | 240 | 230 | 823 | 299 | 299 | 438 | 83 |
| 8 (Very severely frail) | 30 | 30 | 35 | 295 | 44 | 44 | 95 | 0 |
| 9 (Terminally ill) | N/A | N/A | N/A | 81 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Note: Samples do not include CFS changes >±4 levels due to small sample size (see Figure 1). CFS = Clinical Frailty Scale. FI = Frailty Index; LOS = length of hospital stay; M = mean; SD = standard deviation.