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Stem cross-sections of ‘Gala’ apples taken at 3, 6, 9, and 12 days after subculture on rooting medium and stained with toluidine blue (A-D) and Nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT; O2-) (E-H), respectively. Scale bars (1000 μm, 500 μm, and 200 μm) are indicated in the figures. Pictures in red boxes show a 20⊆ view of the stem cuttings in (F, G). The rectangle indicates NBT-stained root tip in (H).
