Table A.1.
Descriptive Statistics for All Measures and Composite Scores
| Measure | N | Min. | Max. | Mean | SD | Skewness | Kurtosis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Age | 271 | 9.00 | 14.83 | 11.660 | 1.355 | 0.319 | −0.914 |
| 2. Sex | 271 | 0 | 1 | 0.509 | 0.501 | −0.037 | −2.014 |
| 3. SES | 257 | 26 | 62 | 49.494 | 7.638 | −0.524 | −0.227 |
| 4. TOWRE SWE | 266 | 41 | 104 | 72.752 | 13.227 | −0.329 | 0.116 |
| 5. TOWRE PDE | 266 | 0 | 72 | 36.650 | 14.197 | −0.518 | −0.477 |
| 6. WJ-III Letter-Word Identificationa | 264 | 463 | 581 | 520.970 | 24.486 | −0.631 | 0.066 |
| 7. WJ-III Word Attacka | 262 | 456 | 545 | 508.328 | 19.140 | −0.375 | −0.120 |
| 8. TOWK Expressive Vocabulary | 263 | 11 | 31 | 21.163 | 4.038 | 0.159 | −0.355 |
| 9. TOWK Receptive Vocabulary | 263 | 15 | 42 | 32.251 | 6.261 | −0.559 | −0.311 |
| 10. TOWK Synonyms | 261 | 14 | 41 | 31.215 | 5.930 | −0.632 | −0.303 |
| 11. TMS Decomposition | 254 | 19 | 28 | 25.150 | 2.976 | −0.953 | −0.373 |
| 12. TMS Derivation | 254 | 6 | 28 | 20.823 | 5.289 | −0.819 | 0.068 |
| 13. Test of Morph. Relatedness | 253 | 8 | 12 | 9.700 | 0.915 | −0.276 | −0.153 |
| 14. TLC-E Ambiguous Sentences | 265 | 2 | 39 | 22.464 | 8.589 | −0.305 | −0.762 |
| 15. Know-It Comprehension LQ | 245 | 5.50 | 14.00 | 10.863 | 2.186 | −0.748 | −0.097 |
| 16. GMRT Reading Comprehension | 259 | 5 | 48 | 32.432 | 11.022 | −0.579 | −0.830 |
| 17. WJ-III Passage Comprehensiona | 267 | 473 | 545 | 507.869 | 14.843 | −0.451 | −0.100 |
| 18. Sentence Span - All Words | 264 | 0 | 12 | 6.367 | 2.267 | 0.149 | −0.477 |
| 19. Sentence Span - Correct Order | 264 | 0 | 12 | 6.163 | 2.267 | 0.096 | −0.464 |
| 20. WISC-III-PI Spatial Span | 258 | 5 | 25 | 14.829 | 3.421 | 0.271 | 0.153 |
| 21. WISC-IV Digit Span | 259 | 8 | 26 | 16.367 | 3.779 | 0.641 | 0.154 |
| 22. D-KEFS Verbal Sorting | 258 | 0 | 44 | 20.709 | 8.937 | 0.035 | −0.289 |
| 23. D-KEFS Perceptual Sorting | 258 | 7 | 77 | 41.597 | 14.783 | −0.313 | −0.149 |
| 24. Vocabularyb | 261 | 15.00 | 37.67 | 28.209 | 4.950 | −0.315 | −0.567 |
| 25. Morph. Awareness/LCb | 236 | 8.30 | 23.80 | 17.976 | 3.240 | −0.615 | −0.121 |
| 26. TOWREb | 266 | 20.50 | 88.00 | 54.701 | 13.118 | −0.447 | −0.202 |
| 27. WJ Decodeb | 260 | 459.50 | 559.50 | 514.808 | 20.943 | −0.578 | −0.148 |
| 28. Sentence Spanb | 264 | 0 | 12.00 | 6.265 | 2.255 | 0.126 | −0.503 |
Note. Raw scores reported unless otherwise noted.
a
W scores;
b
Composite based on averaged scores; Min. = Minimum; Max. = Maximum; SD = Standard deviation; SES = Socioeconomic status; TOWRE = Test of Word Reading Efficiency; SWE = Sight word efficiency; PDE = Phonetic decoding efficiency; WJ = Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Achievement; TLC-E = Test of Language Competence, Expanded; TOWK = Test of Word Knowledge; TMS = Test of Morphological (Morph.) Structure; GMRT = Gates-MacGinitie Reading Test; LC = Language comprehension; LQ = Literal questions; WISC = Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children; PI = Process Instrument; D-KEFS = Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System.