TABLE 1.

Number pairs used in all phases, with their respective ratios.

Phase 1
	Training pairs
Pairs	1:8	1:7	1:6	1:5	1:4	2:8	2:7	2:6	3:8
Ratios	0.13	0.14	0.17	0.20	0.25	0.25	0.29	0.33	0.38
Probe pairs
Level		Pairs					Ratios
1		1:3	2:5	4:8			0.33	0.40	0.50
2		3:7	1:2	3:6	4:6		0.43	0.50	0.50	0.67
3		2:4	3:5	5:7			0.50	0.60	0.71
4		4:7	2:3	5:6			0.57	0.66	0.83
5		5:8	3:4	6:7			0.63	0.75	0.86
6		6:8	4:5	7:8			0.75	0.80	0.88
Phase 2
Training pairs
Pairs	1:8	1:4	9:32	2:6	9:27	8:24	3:8	11:29	12:31
Ratios	0.13	0.25	0.28	0.33	0.33	0.33	0.38	0.38	0.38
Probe pairs
Level		Pairs					Ratios
7		10:30	12:30	9:18			0.33	0.40	0.50
8		12:28	11:22	16:32†	14:21		0.43	0.50	0.50†	0.67
9		13:26	15:25	17:24			0.50	0.60	0.71
10		18:32	19:29	15:18			0.56	0.66	0.83
11		10:16	21:28	19:22			0.63	0.75	0.86
12		24:32	12:15	22:25			0.75	0.80	0.88

Trained pairs were used for rewarded trials in both the training and the test phase. Novel pairs were used only in the probe trials of the test sessions (with each level having its own set of novel pairs). ^†For all but one of the dogs, the 16:32 pair of numbers (with a ratio of 0.5) was not presented by mistake. Instead, the 16:22 (ratio of 0.73) was used. All wolves were tested with the 16:32 pair.