Table 4.

Results of the unit cost function estimation

A. Inpatient model
Variable	Model A	Model B	Model Ca	Model D	Model E
Adjusted R2	0.936	0.878	0.778	0.777	0.709
Constant	2.415	5.896**	9.997**	12.301**	9.910**
Ln number of doctors	0.204**	0.445**
Ln number of staff nurses/tech/pharmacists	0.323**
Ln number of support staff	0.095
Ln mean wages of doctors	0.251**	0.493**
Ln mean wages of staff nurses/tech/pharmacists	0.713**
Ln mean wages of support staff	− 0.168
Ln number of beds	0.035	0.241**	0.402**	0.458**	0.725**
Ln annual hospitalisations	− 0.693**	− 0.753**	− 0.688**	− 0.722**	− 0.641**
Ln state health index			0.275
Dummy DH	0.551**	0.335**	1.050**	1.035**
Per capita state public health expenditure	–	–		− 0.161

B. Outpatient model
Variable	Model A	Model B	Model Ca	Model D	Model E
Adjusted R2	0.823	0.631	0.580	0.536	0.7616
Constant	2.302**	9.295**	7.556**	7.152**	5.418
Ln number of doctors					0.489
Ln number of staff nurses/tech/pharmacists	0.228**
Ln number of support staff	0.208**
Ln mean wages of doctors	0.483**				0.472
Ln mean wages of staff nurses/tech/pharmacists	0.456**
Ln mean wages of support staff	0.046
Ln number of beds	0.061	0.270**	0.294**	0.364**	0.113
Ln annual OP consultations	− 0.754**	− 0.523**	− 0.536**	− 0.484**	− 0.76
Ln state health index	− 0.333*	0.576*	0.464**	0.415*	0.248
District ranking		− 0.018**
Ln capacity utilisation		− 0.056
Per capita state public health expenditure		− 0.265
Dummy DH	0.369**	0.619**	0.574**		0.268

DH district hospital, OP outpatient

**Significant at 95%; significant at 90%

^aModel selected for state-level predictions