Table 2.
Inhibition halo (IH) diameter, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) obtained on treating microorganisms with the essential oils from leaves and flowers of S. hydrangea.
| Microorganism | Leaves | Flowers | Antibiotics | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rifampin | Gentamicin | Nystatin | ||||||||||
| IH (mm) | MIC (µg/mL) | MBC (µg/mL) | IH (mm) | MIC (µg/mL) | MBC (µg/mL) | IH (mm) | MIC (µg/mL) | IH (mm) | MIC (µg/mL) | IH (mm) | MIC (µg/mL) | |
| Shigella dysenteriae | ND | 62.5 | 62.5 | ND | 62.5 | 125 | 9 ± 0.00b | 15.63 | 17 ± 0.01a | 3.90 | NA | NA |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | ND | 15.63 > | 15.63 > | ND | 15.63 > | 15.63 > | ND | 31.25 | 20 ± 0.00a | 7.81 | NA | NA |
| Bacillus subtilis | 9.50 ± 0.00 c | 250 | > 1000 | ND | 31.25 | 31.25 | 19 ± 0.00b | 31.25 | 30 ± 0.02a | 3.90 | NA | NA |
| Staphylococcus epidermidis | 9.50 ± 0.00d | 1000 | 1000 | 10.67 ± 1.15c | 250 | 250 | 44 ± 0.01a | 1.95 | 39 ± 0.00b | 1.95 | NA | NA |
| Escherichia coli | ND | 1000 | 1000 | ND | 31.25 | 125 | 10 ± 0.00b | 15.63 | 23 ± 0.02a | 31.25 | NA | NA |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 9.50 ± 0.50 c | 500 | > 1000 | ND | 125 | 125 | 21 ± 0.01b | 31.25 | 27 ± 0.03a | 1.95 | NA | NA |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | ND | 62.50 | 62.5 | ND | 62.5 | 62.5 | 8 ± 0.00b | 15.63 | 17 ± 0.03a | 3.90 | NA | NA |
| Proteus vulgaris | ND | 250 | 250 | ND | 125 | 125 | 8 ± 0.00b | 15.63 | 24 ± 0.04a | 15.63 | NA | NA |
| Salmonella paratyphi-A | ND | 125 | 125 | ND | 62.5 | 125 | 8 ± 0.01b | 15.63 | 18 ± 0.01a | 3.90 | NA | NA |
| Candida albicans | ND | 250 | 250 | ND | 1000 | 1000 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 33 ± 0.01a | 125 |
| Aspergillu sniger | ND | > 2000 | > 2000 | ND | 2000 | 2000 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 27 ± 0.00a | 31.2 |
| Aspergillus brasiliensis | ND | > 2000 | > 2000 | ND | 2000 | 2000 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 30 ± 0.01a | 31.2 |
NA indicates no activity and ND indicates not determined. Mean values ± standard deviations of three cultures were reported (n = 3).
Values with different letters are statistically different (Duncan, p ≤ 0.05).