Table 3. Characteristics of Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019, Overall and by Race.
| Characteristic | Patients, No. (%) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (N = 369) | Other racial group (n = 151)a | African American (n = 218) | ||
| Age, y | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 54.5 (16.2) | 55.6 (16.3) | 53.8 (16.1) | .29 |
| ≥60 | 148 (40.1) | 70 (46.4) | 78 (35.8) | .04 |
| Men | 170 (46.1) | 77 (51.0) | 93 (42.7) | .12 |
| Poverty status, ie, uninsured or receiving Medicaid | 99 (26.8) | 18 (11.9) | 81 (37.1) | .001 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| 0 | 98 (26.5) | 47 (31.1) | 51 (23.4) | .03 |
| 1-2 | 186 (50.4) | 79 (52.3) | 107 (49.1) | |
| ≥3 | 85 (23.0) | 25 (16.5) | 60 (27.5) | |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 31.5 (8.1) | 30.8 (7.8) | 33.2 (8.8) | .007 |
| Missing BMI | 58 (15.7) | 39 (17.9) | 19 (12.6) | .16 |
| History of smoking or current smoking | 124 (33.6) | 57 (37.7) | 67 (30.7) | .16 |
| Symptoms | ||||
| Fever | 187 (50.7) | 75 (49.7) | 112 (51.4) | .75 |
| Cough | 293 (79.4) | 120 (79.4) | 173 (79.4) | >.99 |
| Shortness of breath | 194 (52.6) | 69 (45.7) | 125 (57.3) | .03 |
| Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain | 86 (23.3) | 24 (15.8) | 62 (28.4) | .005 |
| Other symptoms | 77 (20.9) | 30 (19.9) | 47 (21.6) | .69 |
| Outcomes | ||||
| Inpatient admission | 116 (31.4) | 38 (25.2) | 78 (35.8) | .03 |
| ICU admission | 70 (19.0) | 26 (17.2) | 44 (20.2) | .47 |
| Mechanical ventilator | 26 (7.0) | 11 (7.3) | 15 (6.9) | .88 |
| In-hospital deathb | 20 (17.2) | 6 (15.9) | 14 (17.9) | .62 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); ICU, intensive care unit.
a
Other racial group included White, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, Native American or Alaska Native, and Asian patients as well as patients with unknown racial identification.
b
In-hospital death was calculated for the subset of 116 patients with COVID-19 who were hospitalized.