Skip to main content
. 2020 Sep 25;3(9):e2017688. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.17688

Figure 3. Association of Dance-Based Mind-Motor Activities With Body Strength.

Figure 3.

Effect sizes are Hedges g standardized mean differences (SMDs). Weights are from random-effects analysis. Box sizes correspond to precision; the bigger the box, the more precise. Precision was determined as the inverse of the variance for each estimate. For lower body strength (A), assessments included the 5 times sit to stand (STS) test (the time to complete 5 stands is measured) and the 30-second STS test (number of stands completed within 30 seconds is measured). Effect sizes of the 5 times STS test were multiplied by −1 to achieve same direction signaling improvement as the effect sizes of the 30-second STS test. Hence, positive values would favor the intervention groups over the control groups. For upper body strength (B), all included trials assessed UBS using handgrip strength. Increasing values indicate an improvement in the test result. Hence, positive values would favor the intervention groups over the control groups.