Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of Fluticasone/salmeterol and budesonide/formoterol cohort before and after matching
| Variables | Before PS matching | After PS matching | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fluticasone/salmeterol cohort (n = 11,515) | Budesonide/formoterol cohort (n = 7436) | p value | Fluticasone/salmeterol cohort (n = 7284) | Budesonide/formoterol cohort (n = 7284) | p value | |||||
| n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | |||
| Index year | <.0001 | 0.7872 | ||||||||
| 2004 | 1963 | (17.04) | 1430 | (19.23) | 1434 | (19.69) | 1407 | (19.32) | ||
| 2005 | 1261 | (10.95) | 1230 | (16.54) | 1118 | (15.35) | 1138 | (15.62) | ||
| 2006 | 1326 | (11.51) | 990 | (13.31) | 976 | (13.4) | 970 | (13.32) | ||
| 2007 | 1485 | (12.89) | 973 | (13.08) | 1002 | (13.76) | 967 | (13.28) | ||
| 2008 | 1375 | (11.94) | 843 | (11.34) | 835 | (11.46) | 833 | (11.44) | ||
| 2009 | 1542 | (13.39) | 762 | (10.25) | 749 | (10.28) | 761 | (10.45) | ||
| 2010 | 1570 | (13.63) | 815 | (10.96) | 822 | (11.29) | 815 | (11.19) | ||
| 2011 | 993 | (8.62) | 393 | (5.28) | 348 | (4.78) | 393 | (5.40) | ||
| Age (year) | 65.95 ± 10.26 | 63.29 ± 10.40 | <.0001 | 63.77 ± 10.35 | 63.53 ± 10.31 | 0.1535 | ||||
| Male Gender | 8798 | (76.38) | 5433 | (73.05) | <.0001 | 5403 | (74.18) | 5348 | (73.42) | 0.3001 |
| Monthly income | 0.0007 | 0.9766 | ||||||||
| < 19,100 | 4037 | (35.05) | 2481 | (33.36) | 2443 | (33.54) | 2451 | (33.65) | ||
| 19,100-41,999 | 6011 | (52.19) | 3874 | (52.09) | 3812 | (52.33) | 3799 | (52.16) | ||
| ≧42,000 | 1467 | (12.74) | 1081 | (14.54) | 1029 | (14.13) | 1034 | (14.20) | ||
| Hospital level | <.0001 | 0.9562 | ||||||||
| Level 1 | 4649 | (40.36) | 3076 | (41.36) | 2970 | (40.77) | 3001 | (41.20) | ||
| Level 2 | 4886 | (42.42) | 2907 | (39.09) | 2893 | (39.72) | 2877 | (39.50) | ||
| Level 3 | 1476 | (12.81) | 1016 | (13.66) | 997 | (13.69) | 991 | (13.61) | ||
| Level 4 (rural area) | 504 | (4.38) | 437 | (5.88) | 424 | (5.82) | 415 | (5.70) | ||
| COPD medications | ||||||||||
| Oral steroids | 4544 | (39.45) | 2691 | (36.18) | <.0001 | 2683 | (36.83) | 2660 | (36.52) | 0.6925 |
| Antibiotics | 8142 | (70.69) | 5344 | (71.86) | 0.0855 | 5202 | (71.42) | 5227 | (71.76) | 0.6460 |
| LABA | 412 | (3.58) | 366 | (4.92) | <.0001 | 336 | (4.61) | 347 | (4.76) | 0.6664 |
| SABA | 3400 | (29.52) | 2514 | (33.80) | <.0001 | 2419 | (33.21) | 2434 | (33.42) | 0.7920 |
| LAMA | 1488 | (12.92) | 711 | (9.56) | <.0001 | 701 | (9.62) | 711 | (9.76) | 0.7794 |
| Theophylline | 8144 | (70.71) | 5378 | (72.31) | 0.0175 | 5248 | (72.05) | 5257 | (72.17) | 0.8679 |
| Aminophylline | 4884 | (42.40) | 3211 | (43.18) | 0.2969 | 3145 | (43.18) | 3142 | (43.14) | 0.9600 |
| ICS | 3155 | (27.39) | 2591 | (34.84) | <.0001 | 2465 | (33.84) | 2478 | (34.02) | 0.8200 |
| Severe AE | <.0001 | 0.9873 | ||||||||
| 0 | 6339 | (55.04) | 4579 | (61.57) | 4459 | (61.22) | 4451 | (61.11) | ||
| 1 | 1914 | (16.62) | 1102 | (14.82) | 1090 | (14.96) | 1090 | (14.96) | ||
| 2+ | 3262 | (28.32) | 1755 | (23.60) | 1735 | (23.82) | 1743 | (23.93) | ||
| Baseline Comorbidities | ||||||||||
| Charlson Score | 1.64 ± 1.00 | 1.55 ± 0.90 | <.0001 | 1.55 ± 0.91 | 1.55 ± 0.90 | 0.7699 | ||||
| Myocardial infarction | 190 | (1.65) | 95 | (1.28) | 0.0397 | 97 | (1.33) | 95 | (1.30) | 0.8845 |
| Congestive heart failure | 1030 | (8.94) | 584 | (7.85) | 0.0086 | 566 | (7.77) | 579 | (7.95) | 0.6890 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 92 | (0.80) | 52 | (0.70) | 0.4405 | 52 | (0.71) | 51 | (0.70) | 0.9212 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 578 | (5.02) | 279 | (3.75) | <.0001 | 277 | (3.80) | 277 | (3.80) | 1.0000 |
| Dementia | 193 | (1.68) | 67 | (0.90) | <.0001 | 66 | (0.91) | 67 | (0.92) | 0.9306 |
| Rheumatologic disease | 114 | (0.99) | 74 | (1.00) | 0.9722 | 67 | (0.92) | 71 | (0.97) | 0.7323 |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 1702 | (14.78) | 1052 | (14.15) | 0.2271 | 1032 | (14.17) | 1030 | (14.14) | 0.9621 |
|
Hemiplegia or paraplegia |
7 | (0.06) | 2 | (0.03) | 0.2957 | 3 | (0.04) | 2 | (0.03) | 0.6547 |
| Renal disease | 270 | (2.34) | 153 | (2.06) | 0.1913 | 149 | (2.05) | 146 | (2.00) | 0.8599 |
| Diabetes | 1253 | (10.88) | 706 | (9.49) | 0.0022 | 690 | (9.47) | 703 | (9.65) | 0.7142 |
|
Moderate or severe liver disease |
374 | (3.25) | 239 | (3.21) | 0.8977 | 229 | (3.14) | 235 | (3.23) | 0.7771 |
| Tumor | 372 | (3.23) | 202 | (2.72) | 0.0438 | 201 | (2.76) | 199 | (2.73) | 0.9192 |
| Autoimmune | 660 | (5.73) | 442 | (5.94) | 0.5418 | 445 | (6.11) | 428 | (5.88) | 0.5529 |