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. 2020 Sep 25;10:15754. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-72838-2

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Images of teeth with enamel demineralization (score 1) and dentin caries (score 3). (a) Occlusal view of proximal contacts. (b) Histological view of the area of interest stained by 5% acid red solution. Left: Incipient enamel demineralization (blue arrow, score 1). Right: Enamel caries penetrating the entire enamel thickness (white arrow). Dentin caries with lateral spread of the lesion along the DEJ (red arrow, score 3). Cavitation was observed at DEJ. (c) Intraoral digital radiograph. Although the translucency of enamel was slightly increased, evidence of cavitated caries was not clear (white arrow). (d) En face intensity image generated by 3D OCT. (e) Extracted 2D image of the area along the red line in d. Left: The contour line of the proximal surface was smooth without any cavitation. The brightness of the proximal zone was increased within the enamel thickness (blue arrow). Right: The contour line of the proximal surface was slightly collapsed because of the caries. Increased light scattering due to demineralization was evident penetrating the entire enamel thickness (white arrow). The brightness of the DEJ was increased because of lateral spread of the lesion along DEJ (red arrow). The dynamic slicing 3D video is presented in Supplementary Materials: Video 4.