Table 4.
List of Cognitive Tests Evaluated in an ALS Population, Identified in the First and Second Search (2017 and 2019) of the Review and Examined in Phase II, Classified into Cognitive Domains
| Test | Country of Validation (Alphabetical Order) |
Reference Number |
|---|---|---|
| Executive functioning | ||
| Category fluency tests | Italy | 25 |
| Phonemic fluency tests | Italy, Scotland | 25,26 |
| Learning and memory | ||
| Prospective memory test | China | 27 |
| Social cognition | ||
| Awareness of Social Inference Test | Australia | 28 |
| Ekman 60 Faces Test | England | 29 |
| Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test | Ireland | 30 |
| Screening tests | ||
| Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination | Australia, Canada, China, Greece, Japan | 31–36 |
| ALS Brief Cognitive Assessment | United States of America | 37 |
| ALS Cognitive Behavioural Screen | Brazil, Italy, Spain, United States of America | 38–42 |
| Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioural ALS Screen | China, Czech Republic, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Scotland, Spain, Switzerland | 5,35,43-53 |
| Frontal Assessment Battery | Australia, Canada, Italy, Japan, Korea, United States of America | 25,36,54-58 |
| Mini-Mental State Examination | China, Italy, United States of America | 25,34,37 |
| Montreal Cognitive Assessment | Canada, Japan | 55,58 |
| Penn State Brief Exam of Frontal and Temporal Dysfunction Syndromes | United States of America | 59 |
| University of California San Francisco Screening Battery | United States of America | 60,61 |
| Test batteriesa | ||
| ALS-Computerized Frontal Battery | Canada | 62 |
| Battery I: Frontal Behavioral Inventory, Phonemic fluency test, Beck Depression Inventory | United States of America | 63 |
| Battery II: Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-Revised, Digit Span-backword, Hayling Test, Iowa Gambling Test, Ekman 60 Faces-modified, Cambridge Behavioural Inventory-Revised | Australia | 64 |
| Battery III: ALS Cognitive Behavioural Screen, Phonemic fluency test, Semantic fluency test, Boston Naming Test-short version, Comprehension of Instructions, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised | Greece | 65 |
| Battery IV: Token Test-modified, Graded Naming Test, British Picture Vocabulary Scale-II, Test for the Reception of Grammar, Pyramids and Palm Trees Test, Kissing and Dancing Test, Cookie Theft Picture | England | 66 |
| Battery V: Frontal Behavioural Inventory-Modified, Mini-Mental State Examination, Rey Auditory- Verbal Learning Test, Controlled Oral Word Fluency Test | United States of America | 67 |
| Communicative Participation Item Bank | United States of America | 68 |
| Mental Deterioration Battery | Italy | 69 |
Notes: aBatteries I–V were developed specifically for use in patients with ALS.
Abbreviation: ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.