Table 9.
Included articles grouped according to exposure measurement method and according to having at least one effect with odds ratio (OR) ≥ 2
| OR ≥ 2 | Design | Qual | > 90° | Clin | Sign | Ex/res | OR < 2 | Design | Qual | > 90° | Clin | Sign | Ex/res |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Self-report | Self-report | ||||||||||||
| Bodin (2012a) | CS | 58 | X | X | + | Bodin (2012c) | P | 53 | X | X | + | ||
| Bodin (2012b) | P | 51 | X | X | + | Descatha (2012) | P | 46 | X | No | |||
| Bovenzi (2015) | P | 70 | + | Yes | Harkness (2003) | P | 51 | + * | Yes | ||||
| Engholm (2005) | CS | 47 | + | Yes | Hoe (2012) | CS | 47 | ||||||
| Hoozemans (2002) | CS | 53 | + | Hooftman (2009) | P | 67 | + | ||||||
| Melchior (2006) | CS | 53 | X | X | + | Yes | Leclerc (2004) | P | 44 | X | |||
| Miranda (2005) | CS | 73 | + | Yes | Luime (2004b) | P | 47 | ||||||
| Niedhammer (1998) | CS | 44 | X | X | + | Miranda (2001) | P | 44 | Yes** | ||||
| Roquelaure (2011) | CS | 58 | X | X | + | Nahit (2001) | CS | 44 | |||||
| Seidler (2011) | CC | 51 | + | Yes | Sim (2006) | CS | 44 | X | |||||
| Mean quality | 56 | Mean quality | 49 | ||||||||||
| Expert rating | Expert rating | ||||||||||||
| Dalbøge (2018a) | P | 63 | X | X | + | Yes | Svendsen (2013) | P | 53 | X | X | + | Yes |
| Dalbøge (2017) | CC | 76 | X | X | + | Yes | |||||||
| Dalbøge (2014) | P | 58 | X | X | + | Yes | |||||||
| Mean quality | 65 | Mean quality | 53 | ||||||||||
| Video recording | Video recording | ||||||||||||
| Punnett (2000) | CC | 69 | X | X | + | Yes | Coenen (2016) | P | 63 | ||||
| Silverstein (2009) | CS | 62 | X | + | Smith (2009) | P | 67 | + | No | ||||
| Silverstein (2008) | CS | 64 | X | + | |||||||||
| Mean quality | 65 | Mean quality | 65 | ||||||||||
| Inclinometry | Inclinometry | ||||||||||||
| Hanvold (2015) | P | 67 | X | + | Yes | Koch (2017) | P | 54 | X | No | |||
| Svendsen (2004a) | CS | 73 | X | X | + | Yes | Nordander (2016) | CS | 58 | X | |||
| Svendsen (2004b) | CS | 67 | X | X | + | Yes | |||||||
| Mean quality | 69 | Mean quality | 56 | ||||||||||
OR ≥ 2: At least one odds/risk/hazard/prevalence ratio above 2 for relationship with work with elevated arms. Without this: OR < 2
Design: study design: P prospective, CC case–control, CS cross-sectional
Qual Quality score in % of maximal obtainable score
> 90°: Give results for work with upper arms (elbows) above 90°
Clin: Outcome by clinical examination
Sign: + = at least one statistically significant positive relationship [+ * = OR 1.6 (0.98; 2.5)]
Ex/res: Yes or no states the results concerning exposure–response relationship. Yes** = relationship only significant in univariate analysis