Table 3.
Complications and Morbidities of Neonatal Admissions
| Variables | Preterm | Term |
P value |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N=832 | Percent | N=612 | Percent | |||
| Intraventricular hemorrhage | Grade 1–2 | 45 | 5.4 | 5 | 0.8 | ˂ 0.05 |
| Grade 3–4 | 7 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 | ||
| PVL | 25 | 3 | 1 | 0.2 | ||
| Retinopathy of prematurity | Stage 1–2 | 9 | 1.1 | 1 | 0.2 | ˂ 0.05 |
| Stage ≥3 | 9 | 1.1 | 1 | 0.2 | ||
| Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy | 6 | 0.7 | 20 | 3.2 | ˂ 0.05 | |
| Respiratory distress syndrome | 418 | 50.2 | 52 | 8.5 | ˂ 0.05 | |
| Surfactant doses | 1 | 152 | 18.3 | 21 | 3.4 | ˂ 0.05 |
| ≥2 | 92 | 11.1 | 4 | 0.7 | ||
| Pneumothorax | 20 | 2.4 | 3 | 0.5 | ˂ 0.05 | |
| Pulmonary hemorrhage | 9 | 1.1 | 0 | 0.0 | ˂ 0.05 | |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 30 | 3.6 | 11 | 1.8 | ˂ 0.05 | |
| BPD | Mild | 19 | 2.3 | 3 | 0.5 | ˂ 0.05 |
| Moderate | 13 | 1.6 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
| Severe | 6 | 0.7 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
| Respiratory support | IMV | 178 | 21.4 | 39 | 6.4 | ˂ 0.05 |
| CPAP | 500 | 60.1 | 155 | 25.3 | ||
| Central lines | UAC/UVC | 84 | 10.1 | 12 | 2.0 | ˂ 0.05 |
| PICC | 16 | 1.9 | 1 | 0.2 | ||
| Central | 1 | 0.1 | 5 | 0.8 | ||
| Sepsis | 45 | 5.4 | 14 | 2.3 | ˂ 0.05 | |
| Hyperbilirubinemia | Phototherapy | 266 | 32 | 153 | 25 | 0.08 |
| IVIG | 10 | 1.2 | 30 | 4.9 | ||
| Exchange Tx | 3 | 0.4 | 9 | 1.5 | ||
| Feeding | Breastmilk | 18 | 2.2 | 46 | 7.5 | 0.15 |
| Formula | 716 | 86.1 | 527 | 86.1 | ||
| Mixed | 10 | 1.2 | 10 | 1.6 | ||
| IV nutrition ≥ 72 hours | Dextrose | 456 | 54.8 | 253 | 41.3 | ˂ 0.05 |
| PPN | 163 | 19.6 | 16 | 2.6 | ||
| Necrotizing enterocolitis | Total | 12 | 1.4 | 1 | 0.2 | ˂ 0.05 |
| Surgery | 3 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.2 | ||
| Congenital anomalies | All | 9 | 1.2 | 31 | 5 | ˂ 0.05 |
| GI | 8 | 1.0 | 12 | 2 | 0.14 | |
| PRBC Transfusion | 1 | 78 | 9.4 | 16 | 2.6 | ˂ 0.05 |
| >2 | 42 | 5.0 | 6 | 1 | ||
| Thrombocytopenia | 133 | 16.0 | 44 | 7.2 | ˂ 0.05 | |
Abbreviations: PVL, periventricular leukomalacia; BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; IMV, invasive mechanical ventilation; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; UAC, umbilical arterial catheter; UVC, umbilical venous catheter; PICC, peripherally inserted central catheter; IV, intravenous; IVIG, intravenous immunoglobulin.