TABLE 3.
Difference in decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) (mL·yr−1) and FEV1/FVC (%·yr−1) in men and women per sex-specific interquartile range increase in hormone level measured at baseline
| Hormonal measure | Men | Women | ||||
| n=4333# | n=4734# | |||||
| FEV1 mL·yr−1 | FVC mL·yr−1 | FEV1/FVC %·yr−1 | FEV1 mL·yr−1 | FVC mL·yr−1 | FEV1/FVC %·yr−1 | |
| TT | −0.91 (−2.66 to 0.84) | −0.24 (−2.38 to 1.89) | −0.02 (−0.04 to 0.00) | 0.98 (0.00 to 1.95) | 1.38 (0.18 to 2.59) | 0.00 (−0.01 to 0.01) |
| FAI | 1.04 (−0.39 to 2.47) | 1.46 (−0.28 to 3.20) | 0.01 (−0.01 to 0.03) | 0.77 (0.10 to 1.44) | 1.03 (0.20 to 1.86) | 0.00 (−0.01 to 0.01) |
| cFT | 0.76 (−0.82 to 2.34) | 1.55 (−0.37 to 3.47) | −0.00 (−0.02 to 0.02) | 1.00 (0.12 to 1.89) | 1.45 (0.36 to 2.55) | −0.00 (−0.01 to 0.01) |
| SHBG | −2.69 (−4.44 to −0.95) | −2.76 (−4.88 to −0.63) | −0.03 (−0.05 to −0.01) | −0.50 (−1.66 to 0.66) | −0.77 (−2.20 to 0.66) | −0.00 (−0.02 to 0.02) |
All results are expressed in mL·yr−1 for average changes in FEV1 and FVC decline and %·yr−1 for FEV1/FVC ratio decline, with corresponding 95% CI. Linear mixed effects regression model adjusted for age, age2, standing height, body mass index, smoking status, pack-years, Townsend deprivation score, days per week of moderate physical activity, fresh fruit intake, time of appointment and a random intercept for participant. FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity; TT: total testosterone;. FAI: free androgen index; cFT: calculated free testosterone; SHBG: sex hormone-binding globulin. #: numbers of participants with no covariates missing for the adjusted model. Bold text indicates a 95% CI not overlapping 0.