TABLE 2.
Multivariate OR of HNSCC and 95% CI associated with tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, and oral HPV infection
| Risk factor | Cases | Controls | OR | 95% CI | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 145 | col% | n = 405 | col% | |||
| Tobacco smoking a | ||||||
| Never smoker | 30 | 21.8 | 263 | 64.9 | 1 | Ref |
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Current smoker | 88 | 61.1 | 52 | 12.8 | 11.59 | 6.69‐20.08 |
| Former smoker | 26 | 18.1 | 90 | 22.2 | 2.28 | 1.24‐4.17 |
| Missing | 1 | 0 | ||||
| Quantity (cigarette per day) | ||||||
| 1‐10 | 35 | 27.8 | 71 | 17.7 | 4.17 | 2.33‐7.46 |
| 11‐20 | 35 | 27.8 | 51 | 12.7 | 6.11 | 3.39‐11.04 |
| >20 | 26 | 20.6 | 17 | 4.2 | 10.69 | 4.89‐23.41 |
| Missing | 19 | 3 | ||||
| Duration (y) | ||||||
| 1‐20 | 9 | 6.5 | 57 | 14.1 | 1.43 | 0.64‐3.23 |
| 21‐30 | 17 | 12.2 | 37 | 9.2 | 3.94 | 1.92‐8.07 |
| 31‐40 | 42 | 30.2 | 23 | 5.7 | 12.25 | 6.16‐24.37 |
| >40 | 41 | 29.5 | 24 | 5.9 | 13.28 | 6.61‐26.68 |
| Missing | 6 | 1 | ||||
| ≤20 cigarettes per day | ||||||
| During ≤ 30 y | 16 | 12.8 | 84 | 21.0 | 2.00 | 1.05‐3.81 |
| During > 30 y | 53 | 42.4 | 37 | 9.2 | 12.19 | 6.68‐22.24 |
| >20 cigarettes per day | ||||||
| During ≤ 30 y | 6 | 4.8 | 7 | 1.8 | 7.10 | 2.13‐23.70 |
| During > 30 y | 20 | 16.0 | 10 | 2.5 | 15.38 | 6.03‐39.19 |
| Missing | 20 | 4 | ||||
| Alcohol quantity b (glasses per day) | ||||||
| Never or occasionally | 51 | 35.2 | 216 | 53.9 | 1 | ref |
| <1 | 8 | 5.5 | 73 | 18.2 | 0.40 | 0.17‐0.93 |
| 1‐5 | 45 | 31.0 | 84 | 21.0 | 1.24 | 0.70‐2.20 |
| >5 | 41 | 28.3 | 28 | 7.0 | 2.36 | 1.18‐4.73 |
| Missing | 0 | 4 | ||||
| Alcohol duration b (y) | ||||||
| ≤30 | 25 | 17.2 | 129 | 31.9 | 1 | ref |
| 31‐45 | 67 | 46.2 | 161 | 39.8 | 1.69 | 0.88‐3.23 |
| >45 | 26 | 17.9 | 59 | 14.8 | 3.56 | 1.45‐8.74 |
| Missing | 27 | 56 | ||||
| Type of beverage b (daily drinking) | ||||||
| Wine | 38 | 26.2 | 54 | 13.3 | 1.35 | 0.76‐2.39 |
| Beer | 34 | 23.5 | 35 | 8.6 | 1.83 | 0.98‐3.42 |
| Rum | 75 | 51.7 | 61 | 15.1 | 2.90 | 1.74‐4.84 |
| Other strong spirits | 13 | 9.0 | 12 | 3.0 | 1.82 | 0.68‐4.89 |
| Oral HPV status c | ||||||
| HPV‐negative | 60 | 65.2 | 228 | 73.9 | ref | |
| Any HPV | 32 | 34.8 | 80 | 26.1 | 1.44 | 0.82‐2.53 |
| HPV‐Non‐high risk | 13 | 14.1 | 50 | 16.3 | 0.80 | 0.35‐1.83 |
| HPV‐High risk | 19 | 20.7 | 30 | 9.8 | 2.37 | 1.13‐4.97 |
| Missing | 53 | 97 | ||||
French West Indies, 2013‐2016.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HNSCC, head and neck squamous cell carcinomas; HPV, human papillomavirus; OR, odds ratio.
a
Model adjusted for age, sex, recruitment site, alcohol consumption (glasses per day).
b
Model adjusted for age, sex, recruitment site, tobacco smoking as the combination of quantity (cigarettes per day) and duration (y).
c
Model adjusted for age, sex, recruitment site, tobacco smoking status, alcohol consumption (glasses per day).