Effects of varying of PSA expression on prostate cancer cells proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis in vitro. A, C4‐2‐derived populations expressing PSA‐specific shRNA (the colourful lines), or a control construct (the black line), were subjected to the CCK‐8 assay. Means and 95% confidence intervals are displayed. B, Effects of exogenous PSA in varying concentrations on C4‐2 cells. C, Effects of silencing of PSA expression on the migration ability of C4‐2‐derived cells measured using cell migration assay. D, Effects of inhibiting of PSA expression on the invasion ability of C4‐2‐derived cells were measured using cell invasion assay. E, Changes in apoptosis rate of the cells accompanied by the lowering of PSA expression were measured via PE Annexin V/7‐AAD assay. * indicates P < .05, and ** for P < .01. Scale bar = 50 μm. Error bars denote SD of the mean of three independent experiments