TABLE 2.
Descriptive characteristics of the study population
| Factor |
COG cases N = 4726 (%) |
NHANES controls N = 4726 (%) |
Χ2 P‐value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | — | ||
| Male | 2909 (61.6) | 2909 (61.6) | |
| Female | 1817 (38.5) | 1817 (38.5) | |
| Race/Ethnicity | — | ||
| Non‐Hispanic, white | 2750 (58.2) | 2750 (58.2) | |
| Non‐Hispanic, black | 419 (8.9) | 419 (8.9) | |
| Hispanic | 1140 (24.1) | 1140 (24.1) | |
| Multiple/Other/Unknown | 417 (8.8) | 417 (8.8) | |
| Sampling year | <.0001 | ||
| 2003‐2004 | 170 (3.6) | 351 (7.4) | |
| 2005‐2006 | 774 (16.4) | 633 (13.4) | |
| 2007‐2008 | 1046 (22.1) | 785 (16.6) | |
| 2009‐2010 | 1255 (26.6) | 850 (18.0) | |
| 2011‐2012 | 554 (11.7) | 705 (14.9) | |
| 2013‐2014 | 435 (9.2) | 731 (15.5) | |
| 2015‐2016 | 492 (10.4) | 671 (14.2) | |
| Age (mo) | .006* | ||
| Mean (SD) | 135.7 (64.8) | 139.3 (65.7) | |
| Range | 24.0‐360.0 | 24.0‐360.0 | |
| Age (y) | .001 | ||
| Children (2‐<10) | 1753 (37.1) | 1665 (35.2) | |
| Adolescent (10‐<20) | 2794 (59.1) | 2813 (59.5) | |
| Young adult (20‐30) | 179 (3.8) | 248 (5.3) | |
| Therapeutic study | |||
| AALL0232 (B‐cell) | 2516 (53.2) | — | |
| AALL0434 (T‐cell) | 1322 (28.0) | — | |
| AALL07P4 (B‐cell) | 153 (3.2) | — | |
| AALL0622 (B‐cell) | 29 (0.6) | — | |
| AALL1131 (B‐cell) | 706 (14.9) | — | |
| SES status a | <.0001 | ||
| Low | 655 (13.9) | 1309 (27.7) | |
| High | 4071 (86.1) | 3417 (72.3) | |
| BMI category b , * | <.0001 | ||
| Underweight | 242 (5.1) | 148 (3.1) | |
| Normal weight | 2752 (58.2) | 2891 (61.2) | |
| Overweight | 784 (16.6) | 758 (16.0) | |
| Obesity | 948 (20.1) | 929 (19.7) |
Abbreviations: AYA, adolescent and young adult; BMI, body mass index; COG, Children's Oncology Group; NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; SD, standard deviation; SES, socioeconomic status.
SES defined as follows: For controls—Low SES was defined as PIR ≤ 1.00; High SES was defined as PIR > 1.00; For cases—Low SES was defined as ≥ 20% of the population in a zip code living at or below the federal poverty threshold High SES was defined as < 20% of the population in a zip code living at or below the federal poverty threshold
BMI categorized as follows: For subjects < 20 y old: Underweight: <5th BMI percentile; Normal weight: 5th to < 85th BMI percentile; Overweight: ≥85th to < 95th BMI percentile; Obesity: ≥95th BMI percentile.For subjects ≥ 20 y old: Underweight: <18.5 kg/m2; Normal weight: 18.5‐<25 kg/m2; Overweight: ≥25 ‐ <30 kg/m2; Obesity: ≥30 kg/m2.
P‐value from t Test