. 2020 Apr 15;57(11):4003–4013. doi: 10.1007/s13197-020-04431-4

Table 2.

Tocopherol contents of oils extracted from fresh and dried milk thistle seeds (mg/100 g of oil)

Samples of seeds	α-Tocopherol	β-Tocopherol	γ-Tocopherol	δ-Tocopherol
RS
Control sample	46.68 ± 0.24^a	2.53 ± 0.11^a	3.76 ± 0.12^a	0.37 ± 0.01^a
40 °C	45.51 ± 0.06^b	2.49 ± 0.03^a	3.60 ± 0.08^b	0.35 ± 0.01^a
60 °C	45.21 ± 0.06^ab	2.47 ± 0.04^a	3.52 ± 0.09^b	0.35 ± 0.01^a
80 °C	44.32 ± 0.05^c	2.46 ± 0.04^a	3.42 ± 0.02^b	0.35 ± 0.01^a
100 °C	42.96 ± 0.08^d	2.44 ± 0.01^a	3.43 ± 0.01^b	0.34 ± 0.01^b
120 °C	42.80 ± 0.06^d	2.33 ± 0.03^b	3.25 ± 0.05^c	0.34 ± 0.01^b
140 °C	42.78 ± 0.03^d	2.04 ± 0.06^c	3.05 ± 0.03^d	0.33 ± 0.00^b
PL1
Control sample	50.39 ± 0.35^a	3.69 ± 0.01^a	3.99 ± 0.01^a	0.50 ± 0.03^a
40 °C	49.84 ± 0.01^b	3.64 ± 0.02^a	3.98 ± 0.01^a	0.47 ± 0.01^a
60 °C	49.69 ± 0.16^b	3.36 ± 0.05^b	3.66 ± 0.01^b	0.46 ± 0.01^a
80 °C	46.47 ± 0.16^c	3.23 ± 0.04^c	3.62 ± 0.05^b	0.44 ± 0.00^b
100 °C	45.22 ± 0.06^d	3.17 ± 0.04^c	3.50 ± 0.07^c	0.43 ± 0.01^b
120 °C	45.14 ± 0.04^d	3.19 ± 0.01^c	3.53 ± 0.02^c	0.43 ± 0.01^b
140 °C	44.77 ± 0.17^c	3.17 ± 0.04^c	3.26 ± 0.07^d	0.40 ± 0.01^c
PL2
Control sample	47.78 ± 0.14^a	2.03 ± 0.04^a	4.74 ± 0.04^a	0.32 ± 0.00^a
40 °C	46.18 ± 0.10^b	2.03 ± 0.02^a	4.42 ± 0.04^b	0.31 ± 0.01^a
60 °C	42.50 ± 0.01^c	1.92 ± 0.08^ab	4.17 ± 0.07^c	0.31 ± 0.01^a
80 °C	41.96 ± 0.10^d	1.84 ± 0.01^b	3.97 ± 0.02^d	0.29 ± 0.01^a
100 °C	41.34 ± 0.13^de	1.82 ± 0.01^b	3.91 ± 0.02^d	0.28 ± 0.02^ab
120 °C	39.29 ± 0.06^e	1.80 ± 0.02^b	3.54 ± 0.12^e	0.25 ± 0.01^b
140 °C	37.20 ± 0.08^f	1.59 ± 0.09^c	3.20 ± 0.13^f	0.24 ± 0.01^b

Values are means ± standard deviation (n = 3). Different superscript letters in columns for each sample indicate statistically significant differences at the level p = 0.05