Table 1.

Demographic characteristics, COVID-19 experiences, and psychological status

Variables	n = 221	Mean (s.d.)	%	Range	p valuea
Demographics
Gender (% female)	162		73.3		0.150
Age (at enrollment)		46.3 (12.9)		26–69	0.796
26–30	31		14.0
31–44	74		33.5
45–54	47		21.3
55–64	47		21.3
⩾65	22		10.0
Educational attainment (% attended)					0.376
No school or primary school	135		61.1
Secondary school	62		28.1
Professional/teaching/university	17		7.6
Other	7		3.2
Household density (people/room)		2.2 (1.2)		0.33–10	0.608
Household assets		8.0 (1.9)		3–12	0.548
Diagnostic history (number of conditions)					0.303
0	13		5.9
1	102		41.2
2 +	106		52.9
COVID-19 experiences
Have you heard of coronavirus?					b
Yes	220		99.5
No	1		0.5
Have you ever tested for COVID-19?					b
Yes	3		1.4
No	218		98.6
If yes, what was the result?
Positive	0		0.0
Negative	3		100.0
Perceived COVID-19 infection risk					b
Less risk than others	127		57.5
Same risk as others	64		29.0
Greater risk than other	30		13.5
COVID-19 knowledge score		6.7		3–12	b
Psychological status
Depressive symptoms (CES-D-10)		5.8 (4.3)		0–20	b
⩾10 (cutoff for depression risk)	32		14.5%	10–20
Food insecurity in the past year	59		26.7		0.278
Perceived neighborhood crime		5.0 (1.0)		3–8	0.0811
Stress Checklist		46.9 (12.5)		22–90	0.132
Self-reported quality of life		3.1 (0.9)		1–5	0.175
Social coping		52.2 (9.3)		30–74	0.0147*
Adverse Childhood Experiences		3.5 (2.2)		0–9	0.233
General Health Questionnaire		50.8 (11.4)		31–84	0.195

^aSample comparisons between Wave 1 and Wave 2 (follow-up) participants.

^bNo comparison available since this measure was only collected in Wave 2.

*p < 0.05.