Table 2.
Patient evolution, treatment and outcomes during hospitalisation, among patients with discharge data (n=10 486)
| Patients without cancer (n=9594) | Patients with solid cancer (n=892) | P value* | Adjusted OR (95% CI)† | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pneumonia at imaging exam‡- n (%) | ||||
| No | 1458 (15.2) | 161 (18.1) | 0.01 | 1 |
| Yes | 7679 (80.0) | 676 (75.8) | 0.83 (0.69 to 1.00) | |
| Unknown | 457 (4.8) | 55 (6.2) | 1.35 (0.95 to 1.89) | |
| ARDS - n (%) | ||||
| No | 7808 (81.4) | 726 (81.4) | 0.22 | 1 |
| Yes | 1277 (13.3) | 108 (12.1) | 0.87 (0.70 to 1.08) | |
| Unknown | 509 (5.3) | 58 (6.5) | 1.06 (0.79 to 1.43) | |
| Drugs received during hospitalisation - n (%) | ||||
| Hydroxychloroquine | 5523 (57.6) | 429 (48.1) | <0.001 | 0.75 (0.65 to 0.87) |
| Remdesivir | 7 (0.1) | 0 | 0.42 | NC |
| Lopinavir/ritonavir | 28 (0.3) | 2 (0.2) | 0.72 | 0.73 (0.17 to 3.17) |
| Tocilizumab | 29 (0.3) | 2 (0.2) | 0.68 | 1.22 (0.29 to 5.20) |
| Azithromycin | 809 (8.4) | 82 (9.2) | 0.45 | 1.26 (0.99 to 1.62) |
| Other antibiotics | 464 (4.8) | 53 (5.9) | 0.15 | 1.26 (0.93 to 1.71) |
| Other antivirals§ | 47 (0.5) | 2 (0.2) | 0.27 | 0.63 (0.15 to 2.60) |
| Corticosteroids | 597 (6.2) | 89 (10) | <0.001 | 1.31 (1.02 to 1.68) |
| Other immunomodulatory drugs¶ | 5 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 0.47 | 3.67 (0.41 to 32.62) |
| Anticoagulants | 47 (0.5) | 5 (0.6) | 0.77 | 0.91 (0.35 to 2.34) |
| Other drugs** | 92 (1.0) | 3 (0.3) | 0.06 | 0.35 (0.11 to 1.10) |
| No treatment reported | 3770 (39.3) | 406 (45.5) | 0.47 | 1.20 (1.04 to 1.39) |
| COVID-19-directed treatment††- n (%) | ||||
| No | 3816 (39.8) | 408 (45.7) | <0.001 | 1 |
| Yes | 5778 (60.2) | 484 (54.3) | 0.84 (0.73 to 0.98) | |
| Transfer to ICU - n (%) | ||||
| No | 8326 (86.8) | 815 (91.4) | <0.001 | 1 |
| Yes | 1268 (13.2) | 77 (8.6) | 0.70 (0.55 to 0.90) | |
| Use of invasive ventilation - n (%) | ||||
| No | 8620 (89.9) | 818 (91.7) | <0.001 | 1 |
| Yes | 772 (8.1) | 44 (4.9) | 0.67 (0.49 to 0.93) | |
| Unknown | 202 (2.1) | 30 (3.4) | 1.41 (0.94 to 2.13) | |
| Severe event occurrence within 30 days of COVID-19 diagnosis - n (%) | ||||
| No | 6827 (71.2) | 565 (63.3) | <0.001 | 1 |
| Yes | 2767 (28.8) | 327 (36.7) | 1.10 (0.95 to 1.29) | |
| Vital status within 30 days of COVID-19 diagnosis - n (%) | ||||
| Alive | 7672 (80.0) | 609 (68.3) | <0.001 | 1 |
| Deceased | 1922 (20.0) | 283 (31.7) | 1.34 (1.13 to 1.58) | |
ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; ICU, intensive care unit; NC, not calculable.
P value for the univariate comparison between the two groups (patients with solid cancer vs without cancer).
ORs adjusted for age (as a continuous variable), gender, all comorbidities (except ‘obesity’ and ‘other comorbidities’) and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors use.
Includes pneumonia observed at the CT-scan and/or at the thoracic X-ray.
Other antivirals include acyclovir, atazanavir, favipiravir and oseltamivir.
Other immunomodulatory drugs include anakinra (IL-1Ra), other anti-IL7 antibodies, siltuximab (anti-IL6) and immunoglobulin G.
Other drugs include vitamins (vitamin C, vitamin D, thiamine, among others), morphine, acetylcysteine, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and anti-histaminics.
COVID-19-directed treatment includes hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir, lopinavir/ritonavir, tocilizumab, other antivirals, other immunomodulatory drugs, corticosteroids and azithromycin.