Table 2.
Patient demographics (levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device group)
| Characteristics | All | Metformin (−) | Metformin (+) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | n=69 | n=54 | n=15 | |||
| Age (years) | 35 (29.5–42) | 36 (29.8–44.3) | 34.0 (29–39) | 0.423 | ||
| <30 | 17 (24.6%) | 13 (24.1%) | 4 (26.7%) | |||
| 30–39 | 33 (47.8%) | 24 (44.4%) | 9 (60.0%) | |||
| 0–49 | 12 (17.4%) | 11 (20.4%) | 1 (6.7%) | |||
| 50 | 7 (10.1%) | 6 (11.1%) | 1 (6.7%) | |||
| Year | 0.720 | |||||
| 2003–2008 | 7 (10.1%) | 6 (11.1%) | 1 (6.7%) | |||
| 2009–2013 | 18 (26.1%) | 13 (24.1%) | 5 (33.3%) | |||
| 2014–2018 | 44 (63.8%) | 35 (64.8%) | 9 (60.0%) | |||
| Race/ethnicity | 0.446 | |||||
| White | 49 (71.0%) | 36 (66.7%) | 13 (86.7%) | |||
| Black | 9 (13.0%) | 7 (13.0%) | 2 (13.3%) | |||
| Hispanic | 4 (5.8%) | 4 (7.4%) | 0 | |||
| Asian | 5 (7.2%) | 5 (9.3%) | 0 | |||
| Other/unknown | 2 (2.9%) | 2 (3.7%) | 0 | |||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 39.9 (34.0–46.9) | 39.9 (32.2–46.3) | 42.0 (38.0–60.5) | 0.150 | ||
| <25 | 1 (1.4%) | 1 (1.9%) | 0 | |||
| 25–29.9 | 6 (8.7%) | 6 (11.1%) | 0 | |||
| 30–34.9 | 11 (15.9%) | 11 (20.4%) | 0 | |||
| 35–39.9 | 17 (24.6%) | 10 (18.5%) | 7 (46.7%) | |||
| ≥40 | 34 (49.3%) | 26 (48.1%) | 8 (53.3%) | |||
| Gravidity | 0.578 | |||||
| 0 | 37 (53.6%) | 30 (55.6%) | 7 (46.7%) | |||
| 1 | 11 (15.9%) | 7 (13.0%) | 4 (26.7%) | |||
| 2 | 8 (11.6%) | 7 (13.0%) | 1 (6.7%) | |||
| ≥3 | 13 (18.8%) | 10 (18.5%) | 3 (20.0%) | |||
| Parity | 0.570 | |||||
| 0 | 42 (60.9%) | 34 (63.0%) | 8 (53.3%) | |||
| 1 | 11 (15.9%) | 7 (13.0%) | 4 (26.7%) | |||
| 2 | 8 (11.6%) | 6 (11.1%) | 2 (13.3%) | |||
| ≥3 | 8 (11.6%) | 7 (13.0%) | 1 (6.7%) | |||
| Hypertension | 0.999 | |||||
| No | 48 (69.6%) | 37 (68.5%) | 11 (73.3%) | |||
| Yes | 21 (30.4%) | 17 (31.5%) | 4 (26.7%) | |||
| Diabetes | <0.001 | |||||
| No | 51 (73.9%) | 47 (87.0%) | 4 (26.7%) | 1 | ||
| Yes | 18 (26.1%) | 7 (13.0%) | 11 (73.3%) | 20.5 (4.52 to 93.2) | <0.001 | |
| Hyperlipidemia | 0.020 | |||||
| No | 50 (72.5%) | 43 (79.6%) | 7 (46.7%) | |||
| Yes | 19 (27.5%) | 11 (20.4%) | 8 (53.3%) | |||
| PCOS | 0.232 | |||||
| No | 46 (66.7%) | 38 (70.4%) | 8 (53.3%) | |||
| Yes | 23 (33.3%) | 16 (29.6%) | 7 (46.7%) | |||
| Infertility | 0.031 | |||||
| No | 45 (65.2%) | 39 (72.2%) | 6 (40.0%) | 1 | ||
| Yes | 24 (34.8%) | 15 (27.8%) | 9 (60.0%) | 4.68 (1.03 to 21.3) | 0.046 | |
| Aspirin | 0.604 | |||||
| No | 63 (91.3%) | 50 (92.6%) | 13 (86.7%) | |||
| Yes | 6 (8.7%) | 4 (7.4%) | 2 (13.3%) | |||
| Statin | 0.641 | |||||
| No | 62 (89.9%) | 49 (90.7%) | 13 (86.7%) | |||
| Yes | 7 (10.1%) | 5 (9.3%) | 2 (13.3%) | |||
| β-blocker | 0.578 | |||||
| No | 64 (92.8%) | 49 (90.7%) | 15 (100%) | |||
| Yes | 5 (7.2%) | 5 (9.3%) | 0 | |||
| Endometrial echo complex (mm) | 0.715 | |||||
| 0–4 | 9 (13.0%) | 7 (13.0%) | 2 (13.3%) | |||
| 5–9 | 18 (26.1%) | 16 (29.6%) | 2 (13.3%) | |||
| 10–14 | 16 (23.2%) | 11 (20.4%) | 5 (33.3%) | |||
| 15–19 | 10 (14.5%) | 7 (13.0%) | 3 (20.0%) | |||
| ≥20 | 8 (11.6%) | 6 (11.1%) | 2 (13.3%) | |||
| Not measured | 8 (11.6%) | 7 (13.0%) | 1 (6.7%) | |||
Median (IQR) or number (percentage per column) is shown. Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher exact test, or χ2 test for p value on univariable analysis.
Significant p values are in bold.
*
P value for multivariable analysis with a binary logistic regression model.
BMI, body mass index; PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome.