Figure 1.

BMP signalling signature expression was up‐regulated in Lewis lung carcinoma bone metastases. A, Heatmap with expression characteristics of the five mRNA‐based clusters in metastatic bone tumours (BM), metastatic lung tumours (LM) and parental Lewis lung cells (Parent). Representative gene lists of each clusters were shown on the right of the heatmap. B, The enriched KEGG pathways of C0, C2 and C4 clusters based on (A). C, The overall survivals of TCGA patients with high C0, C2 or C4 signatures versus low C0, C2 or C4 signatures. The P value was based on the log‐rank test. (*P < .05, **P < .01). D, Average expression of TGF‐β or BMP signalling targeted genes in LLCs was defined as TGF‐β or BMP signalling signatures to characterize the activation of TGF‐β or BMP signalling. TGF‐β and BMP signalling signatures in bone metastasis (BM), lung metastasis (LM) and parental Lewis lung cells (Parent) were calculated and shown. The P value was based on Student's t test (*P < .05, **P < .01). E, Lysates of NCI‐H1373, A549 and LLC cells were subjected to immunoblotting. F, The overall survival of patients with high BMP signature versus low BMP signature. The P value was based on the log‐rank test. (*P < .05, **P < .01)