Fig. 3.

Forest plots of multivariate association between BMI-defined obesity and the risk of COVID-19 severity using the random-effects model.

Clinical outcome of each subgroup is marked in italics. The gray squares show the estimated effect of each single study and their sizes reflect the weight of each single study on the summary effect. The larger the size, the greater the weight. The diamonds represent the overall summary effects with their widths reflecting the length of the 95% CI. A wider diamond means a wider 95% CI. The horizontal black lines through the gray squares also represent the length of the 95% CI of individual studies. The longer the line, the wider the 95% CI. The solid vertical black line is the line of no effect. The region to the left of the line of no effect indicates no association while the region to the right indicates association. When the diamond touches the solid vertical black line, this indicates no statistical difference. The dotted black line is the line of the overall summary effect. Subtotal effect estimate results and the overall results are marked in bold. I-squared indicates the degree of heterogeneity within the studies. Abbreviation: OR, odds ratio; 95%CI, 95% confidence interval; ICU, intensive care unit; IMV, invasive mechanical ventilation; COVID-19, Coronavirus Disease 2019.