Table 1.
The global distribution of tularemia
| Continent/country/region | Distribution | References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Africa | ||||
| Algeria | Côte d'Ivoire | Absent, no presence record(s) | (OIE Handistatus 2005; OIE 2009) | |
| Botswana | Lesotho | |||
| Cabo Verde | Libya | |||
| Central African Republic | Madagascar | |||
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | Mauritius | |||
| Réunion | Tanzania | |||
| Rwanda | Tunisia | |||
| São Tomé and Príncipe | Zambia | |||
| Seychelles | Zimbabwe | |||
| South Africa | Malaysia | |||
| Kenya | Present | (Nejeru et al. 2017; GIDEON 2019) | ||
| Sudan | (Mohamed Salma et al. 2012) | |||
| Asia | ||||
| Armenia | Present | (Melikjanyan et al. 2017; GIDEON 2019) | ||
| Azerbaijan | (GIDEON 2019) | |||
| Bahrain | Indonesiai | Absent, no presence record(s) | (OIE Handistatus 2005; OIE 2009) | |
| Bangladesh | Kuwait | |||
| Bhutan | Kyrgyzstan | |||
| Brunei | Lebanon | |||
| Malaysia | Pakistan | |||
| Nepal | Singapore | |||
| North Korea | Sri Lanka | |||
| Oman | ||||
| China | Present | (Wang et al. 2014) | ||
| Georgia | (Elashvili et al. 2015; Hennebiquea et al. 2019) | |||
| Iran | (Esmaeili et al. 2014; OIE 2009; Zargar et al. 2015) | |||
| Israel | (World Health Organization-WHO 2007) | |||
| Japan | (Nakamura et al. 2018) | |||
| Kazakhstan | (Olsufiev 1977; Oyston and Quarry 2005; GIDEON 2019) | |||
| South Korea | (Ohara et al. 1998; GIDEON 2019) | |||
| Syria | (Ohara et al. 1998; GIDEON 2019) | |||
| Taiwan | (CDC 2018) | |||
| Tajikistan | (Ohara et al. 1998; GIDEON 2019) | |||
| Turkey | (Erdem et al. 2014; Büyük et al. 2016; GIDEON 2019) | |||
| Turkmenistan | (Olsufiev 1977) | |||
| United Arab Emirates | (Ohara et al. 1998; GIDEON 2019) | |||
| Uzbekistan | (Ohara et al. 1998; Oyston and Quarry 2005; GIDEON 2019) | |||
| Europe | ||||
| Albania | Iceland | Absent, no presence record(s) | (OIE Handistatus 2005; OIE 2009; ECDC 2019) | |
| Andorra | Ireland | |||
| Greece | Isle of Man | |||
| Jersey | Malta | |||
| Liechtenstein | Montenegro | |||
| Luxembourg | ||||
| Austria | Present | (ECDC 2019) | ||
| Belgium | (ECDC 2019) | |||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | (GIDEON 2019) | |||
| Bulgaria | (OIE 2009; Padeshki et al. 2010; ECDC 2019;GIDEON 2019) | |||
| Croatia | (OIE 2009; Gürcan 2014; ECDC 2019) | |||
| Cyprus | (Uncu et al. 2017) | |||
| Czechia | (Hubálek and Halouzka 1997; OIE 2009; Gürcan 2014;ECDC 2019) | |||
| Denmark | (Byström et al. 2005; Haulrig et al. 2020) | |||
| Estonia | (ECDC 2019) | |||
| Finland | (Syrjala et al. 1985; OIE 2009; Rossow et al. 2014; ECDC 2019) | |||
| France | (Decors et al. 2011; Maurin et al. 2011; ECDC 2019) | |||
| Germany | (Kaysser et al. 2008; OIE 2009; Müller et al. 2013; Robert Koch Ins.2017; ECDC 2019) | |||
| Hungary | (OIE 2009; Gyuranecz et al. 2012; ECDC 2019) | |||
| Italy | (ECDC 2019) | |||
| Latvia | (ECDC 2019) | |||
| Lithuania | (ECDC 2019) | |||
| Netherlands | (ECDC 2019; GIDEON 2019) | |||
| Macedonia | (GIDEON 2019) | |||
| Norway | (Berdal et al. 1996; OIE 2009; Nordstoga et al. 2014; ECDC 2019;GIDEON 2019) | |||
| Poland | (OIE 2009; Moniuszko et al. 2011; ECDC 2019) | |||
| Portugal | (Lopes de Carvalho et al. 2018; ECDC 2019) | |||
| Romania | (ECDC 2019; GIDEON 2019) | |||
| Russia | (Sandström et al. 1992; Efimov et al. 2003; OIE 2009; GIDEON 2019) | |||
| Serbia | (GIDEON 2019) | |||
| Slovakia | (Guryčová et al. 2001; OIE 2009; Gürcan 2014; ECDC 2019) | |||
| Slovenia | (ECDC 2019) | |||
| Spain | (Anda et al. 2001; García del Blanco et al. 2004; OIE2009; ECDC 2019) | |||
| Sweden | (Mörner et al. 1988; OIE 2009; Rydén et al. 2011; Dryselius et al. 2019; GIDEON 2019) | |||
| Switzerland | (Friedl et al. 2005; OIE 2009) | |||
| Ukraine | (GIDEON 2019) | |||
| UK | (ECDC 2019) | |||
| North America | ||||
| Barbados | Cuba | Absent, no presence record(s) | (OIE Handistatus 2005; OIE 2009) | |
| Bermuda | Curaçao | |||
| British Virgin Islands | Dominica | |||
| Cayman Islands | Dominican Republic | |||
| Costa Rica | El Salvador | |||
| Greenland | Nicaragua | |||
| Guatemala | Panama | |||
| Haiti | Saint Kitts and Nevis | |||
| Honduras | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | |||
| Mexico | Trinidad and Tobago | |||
| Canada | Present | (OIE 2009; Wobeser et al. 2009; Blackburn et al. 2013; GIDEON 2019) | ||
| USA | Present | (Geiger 1931; Jellison et al. 1965; Evans et al. 1985; Magee et al. 1989; Taylor et al. 1991; Gliatto et al. 1994; Shoemaker et al. 1997; Lindley et al. 2002; Avashia et al. 2004; Magnarelli et al. 2007; O’Toole et al. 2008; Sinclair et al. 2008; OIE 2009; Calanan et al. 2010; Scheftel et al. 2010;Hansen et al. 2011; Brett et al. 2014; Larson et al. 2014; CDC 2018;GIDEON 2019) | ||
| - Alabama | - Colorado | - Illinois | ||
| - Alaska | - Connecticut | - Indiana | ||
| - Arizona | - Delaware | - Iowa | ||
| - Arkansas | - Florida | - Kansas | ||
| - California | - Idaho | - Kentucky | ||
| - Louisiana | - Missouri | - New Jersey | ||
| - Maryland | - Montana | - New Mexico | ||
| - Massachusetts | - Nebraska | - New York | ||
| - Michigan | - Nevada | - North Carolina | ||
| - Minnesota | - New Hampshire | - North Dakota | ||
| - Ohio | - South Dakota | - Virginia | ||
| - Oklahoma | - Tennessee | - Washington | ||
| - Oregon | - Texas | - West Virginia | ||
| - Pennsylvania | - Utah | - Wisconsin | ||
| - South Carolina | - Vermont | - Wyoming | ||
| Oceania | ||||
| Australia | Present | (Whipp et al. 2003; OIE 2009; Siddaramappa et al.2011; Jackson et al. 2012) | ||
| -Northern Territory | ||||
| -Tasmania | ||||
| French Polynesia | Samoa | Absent, No presence record(s) | (OIE Handistatus2005; OIE 2009) | |
| New Caledonia | Vanuatu | |||
| New Zealand | ||||
| South America | ||||
| Argentina | Chile | Absent, no presence record(s) | (OIE Handistatus 2005; OIE 2009) | |
| Bolivia | Colombia | |||
| Brazil | Ecuador | |||
| Falkland Islands | Peru | |||
| Guyana | Uruguay | |||
| Paraguay | Venezuela | |||