Table 1.
Total health expenditure (THE) as % of GDP, OOP as % of THE and GDP, US$ per capita for first and last year of observation, median for entire observed period, interquartile range, and linear trend regression analysis for all 17 countries.
| TOTAL HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS % OF GDP | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Countries | 1995 | 2014 | Median | IQR | Linear trend regression analysis |
| Ukraine | 7.01 | 7.10 | 6.74 | 0.71 | y = 106.32x + 326.67; R2 = 0.5747 |
| Albania | 6.60 | 5.88 | 6.11 | 0.73 | y = 191.37x – 396.13; R2 = 0.9098 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 9.03 | 9.57 | 8.75 | 1.44 | y = 233.86x – 743.15; R2 = 0.9367 |
| North Macedonia | 8.39 | 6.48 | 8.07 | 1.98 | y = 158.56x + 934.78; R2 = 0.8187 |
| Belarus | 6.74 | 5.69 | 6.20 | 0.64 | y = 248.15x – 32.949; R2 = 0.7273 |
| Bulgaria | 4.75 | 8.44 | 6.83 | 1.33 | y = 310.49x – 392.72; R2 = 0.8583 |
| Republic of Serbia | 6.51 | 10.37 | 8.47 | 3.41 | y = 255.71x – 277.32; R2 = 0.8347 |
| Romania | 3.22 | 5.57 | 5.25 | 1.28 | y = 416.12x – 1053.3; R2 = 0.8546 |
| Montenegro | 7.42 | 6.42 | 7.41 | 1.39 | y = 362.46x – 1810.6; R2 = 0.9022 |
| Russian Federation | 5.36 | 7.07 | 5.89 | 1.48 | y = 467.5x – 307.95; R2 = 0.6612 |
| Turkey | 2.51 | 5.41 | 5.35 | 0.76 | y = 421.57x + 644.13; R2 = 0.8718 |
| Latvia | 5.76 | 5.88 | 6.18 | 0.52 | y = 688.64x – 2526.1; R2 = 0.9035 |
| Lithuania | 5.37 | 6.55 | 6.33 | 0.71 | y = 714.22x – 2791.9; R2 = 0.9373 |
| Croatia | 6.74 | 7.80 | 7.20 | 1.17 | y = 594.94x – 384.77; R2 = 0.8566 |
| Estonia | 6.32 | 6.38 | 5.84 | 1.31 | y = 858.95x – 3041.6; R2 = 0.9315 |
| Slovenia | 7.46 | 9.23 | 8.48 | 1.22 | y = 998.66x + 437.89; R2 = 0.8428 |
| Greece | 8.27 | 8.08 | 8.66 | 1.22 | y = 577.01x + 9833.5; R2 = 0.5097 |
| OOP AS % OF TOTAL HEALTH EXPENDITURE | |||||
| Countries | 1995 | 2014 | Median | IQR | Linear trend regression analysis |
| Ukraine | 24.5 | 46.2 | 40.4 | 6.5 | y = 0.4967x + 34.019; R2 = 0.2683 |
| Albania | 74 | 49.9 | 53.6 | 12.9 | y = −1.4176x + 73.573; R2 = 0.8595 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 63.9 | 27.9 | 38.3 | 17.2 | y = −1.7146x + 57.662; R2 = 0.811 |
| North Macedonia | 40.4 | 36.7 | 38.0 | 6.3 | y = −0.4161x + 42.309; R2 = 0.3822 |
| Belarus | 18.6 | 32 | 19.7 | 10.5 | y = 0.8578x + 11.278; R2 = 0.6824 |
| Bulgaria | 26 | 44.2 | 39.7 | 8.3 | y = 0.8826x + 29.076; R2 = 0.8112 |
| Republic of Serbia | 29.4 | 36.6 | 30.3 | 6.5 | y = 0.5286x + 26.169; R2 = 0.5727 |
| Romania | 25.5 | 18.9 | 19.2 | 2.1 | y = −0.2542x + 22.764; R2 = 0.2566 |
| Montenegro | 30 | 42.8 | 30.0 | 10.1 | y = 0.7421x + 25.053; R2 = 0.6234 |
| Russian Federation | 16.9 | 45.8 | 31.1 | 14.2 | y = 1.4826x + 17.106; R2 = 0.905 |
| Turkey | 29.7 | 17.8 | 20.8 | 11.0 | y = −0.8211x + 30.319; R2 = 0.7986 |
| Latvia | 33.7 | 35.1 | 38.5 | 7.7 | y = −0.4417x + 43.44; R2 = 0.3311 |
| Lithuania | 22.4 | 31.3 | 26.5 | 5.5 | y = 0.3348x + 23.567; R2 = 0.4398 |
| Croatia | 13.5 | 11.2 | 13.5 | 2.1 | y = −0.1283x + 15.15; R2 = 0.1329 |
| Estonia | 10.2 | 20.7 | 19.8 | 5.4 | y = 0.4607x + 13.362; R2 = 0.4489 |
| Slovenia | 11.2 | 21.1 | 11.8 | 0.5 | y = 0.0334x + 11.477; R2 = 0.1484 |
| Greece | 43.4 | 34.9 | 34.7 | 9.3 | y = −0.6735x + 42.28; R2 = 0.6471 |
| GDP, US$ PER CAPITA | |||||
| Countries | 1990-2000* | 2017 | Median | IQR | Linear trend regression analysis |
| Ukraine | 1570 | 2640 | 1570 | 2029 | y = 106.32x + 326.67; R2 = 0.5747 |
| Albania | 617 | 4538 | 2110 | 3361 | y = 191.37x – 396.13; R2 = 0.9098 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 318 | 5148 | 3186 | 3487 | y = 233.86x – 743.15; R2 = 0.9367 |
| North Macedonia | 2354 | 5415 | 2620 | 2848 | y = 158.56x + 934.78; R2 = 0.8187 |
| Belarus | 2125 | 5728 | 2252 | 4429 | y = 248.15x – 32.949; R2 = 0.7273 |
| Bulgaria | 2367 | 8228 | 3031 | 5627 | y = 310.49x – 392.72; R2 = 0.8583 |
| Republic of Serbia | 2197 | 5900 | 4130 | 3380 | y = 255.71x – 277.32; R2 = 0.8347 |
| Romania | 1681 | 10,818 | 3164 | 7219 | y = 416.12x – 1053.3; R2 = 0.8546 |
| Montenegro | 1627 | 7783 | 6550 | 3987 | y = 362.46x – 1810.6; R2 = 0.9022 |
| Russian Federation | 3485 | 10,743 | 3794 | 7679 | y = 467.5x – 307.95; R2 = 0.6612 |
| Turkey | 2794 | 10,546 | 5380 | 7680 | y = 421.57x + 644.13; R2 = 0.8718 |
| Latvia | 2329 | 15,594 | 9668 | 10,691 | y = 688.64x – 2526.1; R2 = 0.9035 |
| Lithuania | 2169 | 16,681 | 9241 | 11,060 | y = 714.22x – 2791.9; R2 = 0.9373 |
| Croatia | 4795 | 13,383 | 11,346 | 8278 | y = 594.94x – 384.77; R2 = 0.8566 |
| Estonia | 3044 | 19,705 | 12,595 | 13,335 | y = 858.95x – 3041.6; R2 = 0.9315 |
| Slovenia | 10,691 | 23,594 | 19,726 | 12,432 | y = 998.66x + 437.89; R2 = 0.8428 |
| Greece | 9600 | 18,613 | 17,976 | 9831 | y = 577.01x + 9833.5; R2 = 0.5097 |
IQR, Interquartile range 25th−75th percentile;
*
First year of following (1990–2000).
Total health expenditure as % of GDP—THE as percent of GDP expenditure; OOP as % of total health expenditure—private households' out-of-pocket payments on health as percentage of THE; GDP, US$ per capita—gross domestic product, US$ per capita.