FIGURE 2.

RA‐loading of Bet v 1 improves specific allergen immunotherapy in a mouse model. After sensitization to Bet v 1a, mice were therapeutically treated intranasal with apo‐Bet v 1a, holo‐Bet v 1a or RA alone, and then subjected to a specific allergen challenge, again with Bet v 1a (Figure S3); (A) body temperature drop and symptom score 20 min after i.p. Bet v 1a‐challenge (ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test); (B) representative images of body temperature (blue to red indicates low to high temperature) and movements (lines) recorded by the imaging cage; (C) Bet v 1a‐specific serum IgE, IgG2a, IgG2b and IgA levels from sensitized mice treated with apo‐Bet v 1a, holo‐Bet v 1a or RA alone (ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test). (D) IFN‐γ, IL‐13 and IL‐10 production in mouse splenocytes after in vitro stimulation with medium or Bet v 1a in respective treatment groups. Z‐normalization of pg/mL for each cytokine was performed as described in material and methods (ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test). Graphs show pooled results from two independent experiments with total n = 11 mice per group in mean ± SEM; *P < .05; **P < .01; OD, optical density; ns, nonsignificant