Table 1. Baseline Characteristics.
Characteristics | Patients, No. (%) | |
---|---|---|
African American (n = 14 830) | White (n = 36 713) | |
Follow-up, mean (SD), y | 4.81 (0.71) | 4.80 (0.73) |
Age at diagnosis, median (IQR), y | 63 (58-67) | 65 (62-71) |
Pretreatment PSA level, mean (SD), ng/mL | 6.69 (3.64) | 6.31 (3.42) |
Area Deprivation Index, mean (SD)a | 62.08 (21.7) | 54.15 (20.9) |
Driving time, mean, (SD), h | 1.07 (1.4) | 1.79 (2.1) |
Risk group | ||
Low | 6304 (42.5) | 17 725 (48.3) |
Intermediate | 8526 (57.5) | 18 988 (51.7) |
Urban or rural residence | ||
Rural | 3213 (21.7) | 18 151 (49.4) |
Urban | 11 617 (78.3) | 18 562 (50.6) |
Marital status | ||
Married | 6452 (43.5) | 21 377 (58.2) |
Single or divorced | 8378 (56.5) | 15 336 (41.8) |
Enrollment priority | ||
1-2, Indicating highest need | 4614 (31.1) | 9078 (24.7) |
3-4 | 1873 (12.6) | 4324 (11.8) |
5-6 | 6433 (43.4) | 15 284 (41.6) |
7-8, Indicating lowest need | 1910 (12.9) | 8027 (21.9) |
Elixhauser Comorbidity Index score | ||
0 | 229 (1.5) | 788 (2.1) |
1-2 | 6987 (47.1) | 20 487 (55.8) |
≥3 | 7614 (51.3) | 15 438 (42.1) |
Initial management strategy | ||
Conservative management | 5194 (35.0) | 15 412 (42.0) |
Active surveillance | 784 (5.8) | 13 061 (35.6) |
Watchful waiting | 2667 (19.5) | 6379 (17.4) |
Radiation | 6101 (41.1) | 13 061 (35.6) |
Prostatectomy | 2761 (18.6) | 6379 (17.4) |
Other | 774 (5.2) | 1861 (5.1) |
Diagnosis date | ||
2004-2007 | 4811 (32.4) | 13 178 (35.9) |
2008-2011 | 6334 (42.7) | 15 714 (42.8) |
2012-2013 | 3685 (24.8) | 7821 (21.3) |
Died during follow-up | 1425 (9.6) | 3684 (10.0) |
Abbreviation: IQR, interquartile range; PSA, prostate-specific antigen.
SI conversion factor: To convert PSA to micrograms per liter, multiply by 1.0.
The Area Deprivation Index allows for rankings of neighborhoods by socioeconomic status disadvantage at the national level. Higher Area Deprivation Index score corresponds to more disadvantaged neighborhoods.