Table 1. Baseline Characteristics.
| Characteristics | Patients, No. (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| African American (n = 14 830) | White (n = 36 713) | |
| Follow-up, mean (SD), y | 4.81 (0.71) | 4.80 (0.73) |
| Age at diagnosis, median (IQR), y | 63 (58-67) | 65 (62-71) |
| Pretreatment PSA level, mean (SD), ng/mL | 6.69 (3.64) | 6.31 (3.42) |
| Area Deprivation Index, mean (SD)a | 62.08 (21.7) | 54.15 (20.9) |
| Driving time, mean, (SD), h | 1.07 (1.4) | 1.79 (2.1) |
| Risk group | ||
| Low | 6304 (42.5) | 17 725 (48.3) |
| Intermediate | 8526 (57.5) | 18 988 (51.7) |
| Urban or rural residence | ||
| Rural | 3213 (21.7) | 18 151 (49.4) |
| Urban | 11 617 (78.3) | 18 562 (50.6) |
| Marital status | ||
| Married | 6452 (43.5) | 21 377 (58.2) |
| Single or divorced | 8378 (56.5) | 15 336 (41.8) |
| Enrollment priority | ||
| 1-2, Indicating highest need | 4614 (31.1) | 9078 (24.7) |
| 3-4 | 1873 (12.6) | 4324 (11.8) |
| 5-6 | 6433 (43.4) | 15 284 (41.6) |
| 7-8, Indicating lowest need | 1910 (12.9) | 8027 (21.9) |
| Elixhauser Comorbidity Index score | ||
| 0 | 229 (1.5) | 788 (2.1) |
| 1-2 | 6987 (47.1) | 20 487 (55.8) |
| ≥3 | 7614 (51.3) | 15 438 (42.1) |
| Initial management strategy | ||
| Conservative management | 5194 (35.0) | 15 412 (42.0) |
| Active surveillance | 784 (5.8) | 13 061 (35.6) |
| Watchful waiting | 2667 (19.5) | 6379 (17.4) |
| Radiation | 6101 (41.1) | 13 061 (35.6) |
| Prostatectomy | 2761 (18.6) | 6379 (17.4) |
| Other | 774 (5.2) | 1861 (5.1) |
| Diagnosis date | ||
| 2004-2007 | 4811 (32.4) | 13 178 (35.9) |
| 2008-2011 | 6334 (42.7) | 15 714 (42.8) |
| 2012-2013 | 3685 (24.8) | 7821 (21.3) |
| Died during follow-up | 1425 (9.6) | 3684 (10.0) |
Abbreviation: IQR, interquartile range; PSA, prostate-specific antigen.
SI conversion factor: To convert PSA to micrograms per liter, multiply by 1.0.
a
The Area Deprivation Index allows for rankings of neighborhoods by socioeconomic status disadvantage at the national level. Higher Area Deprivation Index score corresponds to more disadvantaged neighborhoods.