Fig. 1.

Experimental workflow. (a) Liquid-based cytology (LBC) samples are collected and aliquoted for subsequent analyses. (b) High-risk (hr) HPV detection along with histological, if clinically indicated, and/or cytological diagnosis are performed. (c) LA-REIMS high-throughput analysis is performed, and raw spectral information is collected and pre-processed. (d) Analysis of mass spectrometry data is conducted using machine learning approaches. (e) The technique's performance for differentiation and classification of the different cohorts is assessed.