Skip to main content
. 2020 Sep 11;23(10):101551. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101551

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Clock Disruption and the Activation of the TGFβ/SMAD4 Pathway Affects Apoptosis and Cell Cycle in PDA Cells

(A–C) Proliferation analysis of PDA cells containing SMAD4-OE (A, C) or SMAD4-KD (B) constructs and their corresponding empty vectors (shCtrl or oeCtrl) stimulated with additional TGFβ1 (10ng/ml) or its solvent.(n = 8; mean ± SEM).

(E–G) Apoptosis analysis of PDA cell lines after SMAD4-OE (E, G) or SMAD4-KD (F) and their corresponding empty vectors (shCtrl or oeCtrl) with 24-h stimulation with TGFβ1 or its solvent (n = 3, mean ± SEM).

(D and H) Cell cycle measurements after clock gene KDs (shBMAL1, shPER2, shNR1D1) and its empty control (shCtrl) in Panc1 (D) and AsPC1 (H) cells.

(I–K) Cell cycle measurements of SMAD4-KD and SMAD4-OE and corresponding control conditions (shCtrl and oeCtrl) in Panc1 (I, J) and AsPC1 (K) cells after a 24-h stimulation with TGFβ1 (10 ng/mL) or its solvent. (D and H–K) Phase distributions were compared with their respective control conditions (n =3, mean ± SEM, two-way ANOVA, ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001).

See also Figures S5C, S5D, and S6.