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. 2020 Sep 28;11:4884. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-18678-0

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© The Author(s) 2020

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Fig. 1 — CRISPR-based gene drive sequences are, at a minimum, composed of Cas9 and a gRNA targeting the complementary wildtype (WT) locus and can harbor an additional ‘cargo’ that will be carried over with the rest of the sequence. When present in the same cell nucleus, Cas9 targets and cleaves the WT sequence. Homology-directed repair of the damaged WT locus using the gene drive sequence as a repair template ensures the conversion of the WT locus into a new gene drive sequence. In herpesviruses, gene drive involves the coinfection of a given cell by a WT and a modified virus. Cleavage and repair of the WT genome convert the virus into a new gene drive virus, spreading the modification into the viral population. In this example, hCMV WT virus (Towne strain) expresses eGFP florescent protein, and the gene drive virus (TB40/E strain) carries mCherry. Recombinant viruses then express both eGFP and mCherry.