Table 3.
NIHL associated with coexposure to noise and specific chemicals
| Author | Group | Type of factory | Population | Noise level (max or mean)(dB(A)) | NIHL (%) | HFNIHL prevalence | ||||||
| N | Age (years) | Exposure duration (years) | Male (%) | HFNIHL | SFNIHL | NID | OR | 95% CI | ||||
| Zhang69 | Noise | Automobile | 1604 | 33.8±3.5 | – | – | 86.9 | 25.4 | 2.6 | – | 2.09 | 1.54 to 2.83 |
| Coexposure to welding fumes and noise | Tires | 202 | 33.8±3.5 | – | – | 95.9 | 41.6 | 5.9 | – | |||
| Song70 | Noise | Pharmaceutical | 169 | – | – | – | 85 | 40.8 | 10.7 | – | 2.11 | 1.28 to 3.47 |
| Coexposure to benzene and noise | 103 | – | 5.0–10.0 | – | 85 | 59.2 | 17.5 | – | ||||
| Chen71 | Noise | Metal components | 59 | 33.8±5.6 | 13.6±5.2 | – | 94.0 | 29.2 | – | – | 3.89 | 1.75 to 8.63 |
| Coexposure to welding fumes and noise | 65 | 33.7±5.2 | 13.6±5.7 | – | 100.0 | 61.5 | – | – | ||||
| Xiong72 | Noise | Technological | 45 | 36.8±10.6 | 12.6±11.4 | – | 87.2 | 33.3 | 13.3 | – | 2.12 | 1.02 to 4.39 |
| Coexposure to n-hexane and noise | Printing | 105 | 36.9±10.2 | 14.1±10.7 | – | 86.4 | 51.4 | 21.0 | – | |||
| Wu73 | Noise | Petrochemical plants | 52 | 30.0±4.0 | 14.7±6.2 | – | 81.6 | 24.0 | – | – | 1.45 | 0.82 to 2.57 |
| Coexposure to hydrogen sulfide and noise | 73 | 29.8±4.1 | 14.3±6.0 | – | 85.5 | 31.5 | – | – | ||||
| Wu74 | Noise | Steel | 59 | 33.7±5.6 | 14.0±4.8 | 84.7 | 92.0 | 28.1 | 11.5 | – | 3.83 | 2.18 to 6.76 |
| Coexposure to welding fumes and noise | 65 | 33.7±5.2 | 13.6±5.7 | 87.7 | 92.0 | 60.0 | 35.4 | – | ||||
| Wang75 | Noise | Chemical products | 106 | 29.3±5.5 | 11.2±9.0 | 69.8 | 103.0 | 17.9 | – | 0.0 | 1.87 | 1.09 to 3.21 |
| Coexposure to carbon monoxide and noise | 427 | 30.3±8.5 | 9.9±6.8 | 89.0 | 104.0 | 29.0 | – | 2.3 | ||||
| Zhang76 | Noise | Power stations | 290 | – | – | 100 | 84.3 | 56.9 | – | – | 2.92 | 2.14 to 3.98 |
| Coexposure to ethylbenzene and noise | Petrochemical plants | 553 | – | – | 100 | 83.1 | 79.4 | – | – | |||
| Total | Noise | – | 3001 | 33.6±4.1 | 12.9±7.9 | 77.6 | 89.3±6.4 | 30.3 | 3.9 | 0.0 | 2.36 | 1.92 to 2.92 |
| Coexposure | – | 3612 | 33.3±5.2 | 11.6±7.5 | 90.5 | 91.5±7.3 | 54.2 | 15.8 | 2.3 | |||
dB(A), A-weighted decibels; HFNIHL, high-frequency noise-induced hearing loss; NID, noise-induced deafness; NIHL, noise-induced hearing loss; SFNIHL, speech-frequency noise-induced hearing loss.