TABLE 1.
Patient demographics and inpatient perioperative outcome
| Radical hysterectomy | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Open (n = 15,420) | Cesarean (n = 267) | P value | Odds ratio (95% confidence interval)a |
P valuea |
| Age, yb | 46.8±12.8 | 32.9 (±5.1) | <.001 | 0.87 (0.86–0.89) | <.001 |
| Year, n (%) | .892c | ||||
| 2007–2009 | 7,260 (47.1) | 144 (54.1) | |||
| 2010–2012 | 5,205 (33.8) | 57 (21.4) | |||
| 2013–2015 | 2,955 (19.2) | 65 (24.4) | |||
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | <.001 | .009d | |||
| White | 7,835 (50.8) | 130 (48.9) | 1.56 (0.95–2.58) | .082 | |
| Black | 1,557 (10.1) | 19 (7.1) | 1 | ||
| Hispanic | 2,370 (15.4) | 72 (27.1) | 2.13 (1.26–3.59) | .005 | |
| Others | 1,424 (9.2) | –e | 0.82 (0.37–1.83) | .634 | |
| Missing | 2,234 (14.5) | 35 (13.2) | 1.42 (0.80–2.53) | .234 | |
| Obesity, n (%) | .186 | ||||
| No | 13,854 (89.9) | 247 (92.5) | |||
| Yes | 1,565 (10.1) | 20 (7.5) | |||
| Charlson Index, n (%) | .080 | ||||
| 0 | 11,035 (71.6) | 207 (77.8) | |||
| 1–2 | 2,794 (18.1) | 38 (14.3) | |||
| ≥3 | 1,590 (10.3) | 21 (7.9) | |||
| Median household income, n (%) | <.0001 | <.001d | |||
| <$39,000 | 4,135 (26.8) | 116 (43.6) | 1.80 (1.22–2.63) | .003 | |
| $39,000-$47,999 | 3,649 (23.7) | 60 (22.6) | 1.15 (0.76–1.74) | 0.510 | |
| $48,000-$62,999 | 3,593 (23.3) | 39 (14.7) | 0.74 (0.47–1.16) | .190 | |
| ≥$63,000 | 3,629 (23.5) | 41 (15.4) | 1 | ||
| Missing | 414 (2.7) | –e | 2.21 (1.08–4.55) | .031 | |
| Primary expected payer, n (%) | <.001 | .034d | |||
| Medicare | 1,579 (10.2) | –e | 1.38 (0.54–3.54) | .502 | |
| Medicaid | 3,521 (22.8) | 111 (41.6) | 1.37 (1.03–1.83) | .030 | |
| Private including HMO | 8,515 (55.2) | 127 (47.6) | 1 | ||
| Others | 1,763 (11.4) | 24 (9.0) | 0.70 (0.44–1.10) | .122 | |
| Missing | 42 (0.3) | 0 | Not available | .998 | |
| Hospital bed size, n (%) | <.001 | ||||
| Small/medium | 4,061 (26.3) | 41 (15.4) | 1 | ||
| Large | 11,201 (72.6) | 225 (84.6) | 2.01 (1.43–2.83) | <.001 | |
| Missing | 157 (1.0) | 0 | |||
| Hospital teaching status, n (%) | .001 | ||||
| Rural/urban nonteaching | 2,941 (19.1) | 30 (11.2) | 1 | ||
| Urban teaching | 12,322 (79.9) | 237 (88.8) | 1.73 (1.17–2.56) | <.001 | |
| Missing | 157 (1.0) | 0 | |||
| Hospital region, n (%) | .562 | ||||
| Northeast | 2,312 (15.0) | 35 (13.2) | |||
| Midwest | 3,401 (22.1) | 53 (19.9) | |||
| South | 5,872 (38.1) | 111 (41.7) | |||
| West | 3,834 (24.9) | 67 (25.2) | |||
| Lymphadenectomy, n (%) | .003 | ||||
| No | 912 (5.9) | –e | |||
| Yes | 14,507 (94.1) | 261 (98.1) | |||
| Length of stay, df | 4 (3–5) | 5 (4–6) | <.001 | ||
| ≤7, n (%) | 14,251 (92.4) | 219 (82.0) | |||
| >7, n (%) | 1,169 (7.6) | 48 (18.0) | |||
| Total charge in US dollarsf | |||||
| Uncorrected | 37,307 (25,508–54,127) | 51,371 (38,677–68,831) | <.001 | ||
| Correctedg | 48,016 (33,209–69,016) | 67,277 (49,669–82,357) | <.001 | ||
| Complication (any), n (%) | <.001 | ||||
| No | 10,469 (67.9) | 146 (54.9) | |||
| Yes | 4,951 (32.1) | 120 (45.1) | |||
a
For multivariable model with a binary logistic regression model (cesarean vs open radical hysterectomy); conditional backward method was used to retain covariates with P<.05 level
b
Values are given as mean±standard deviation
c
Cochran-Armitage test (examined annual value)
d
For interaction
e
Suppressed per the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project requirement (1–10); total number may not be 15,687 because of weighted values
f
Values are given as median (interquartile range) or number (percentage per column) is shown: Chi-square test, Fisher exact test, Student t test, or Mann-Whitney U test for univariable analysis
g
Corrected for the year 2019 value.