Table 3.
Comparison between the levels of concern about Covid-19 and personal characteristics of healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia
| Characteristics | Low concern (score = 0–39) | Moderate concern (score = 40–55) | High concern (score = 56–96) | Mean concern score |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 213 (25.2) | 396 (46.9) | 235 (27.9) | 48.5 ± 12.8 |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 83 (25.5) | 160 (49.1) | 83 (25.5) | 47.3 ± 12.2 |
| Female | 130 (25.1) | 236 (45.6) | 152 (29.3) | 49.2 ± 13.1 |
| χ2 = 1.62, df = 2, p = 0.44 | t = 2.14, p = 0.33 | |||
| Age (years) | ||||
| ≤ 30 | 19 (17.9) | 47 (44.3) | 40 (37.7) | 50.4 ± 13.1 |
| 30–45 | 117 (23.5) | 231 (46.4) | 150 (30.1) | 49.7 ± 13.1 |
| > 45 | 77 (32.1) | 118 (49.2) | 45 (18.8) | 45.2 ± 11.3 |
| χ2 = 19.52, ==0.001* | f = 11.60, p < 0.001* | |||
| Marital status | ||||
| Unmarried | 61 (21.6) | 129 (45.6) | 93 (32.9) | 49.5 ± 12.9 |
| Married | 152 (27.1) | 267 (47.6) | 142 (25.3) | 48.0 ± 12.7 |
| χ2 = 6.30, df = 2, p = 0.043* | t = 1.58, p = 0.11 | |||
| Nationality | ||||
| Saudi | 72 (21.2) | 146 (42.9) | 122 (35.9) | 51.1 ± 13.7 |
| Non-Saudi | 141 (28.0) | 250 (49.6) | 113 (22.4) | 46.7 ± 11.8 |
| χ2 = 18.86, df = 2, p < 0.001* | t = 4.81, p < 0.001* | |||
| Level of education | ||||
| Diploma | 38 (29.9) | 54 (42.5) | 35 (27.6) | 48.0 ± 14.3 |
| BS | 107 (21.1) | 246 (48.5) | 154 (30.4) | 49.6 ± 12.4 |
| MSN/PHD | 68 (32.4) | 96 (45.7) | 46 (21.9) | 46.0 ± 12.4 |
| χ2 = 13.48, df = 4, p = 0.009* | f = 6.26, p = 0.002* | |||
| Job title | ||||
| Physician/Dentist/Pharmacist | 59 (26.7) | 105 (47.5) | 57 (25.8) | 46.9 ± 10.9 |
| Nurse | 75 (22.1) | 168 (49.4) | 97 (28.5) | 49.4 ± 12.3 |
| Technician | 35 (33.0) | 46 (43.4) | 25 (23.6) | 46.7 ± 12.6 |
| Administrative | 44 (24.9) | 77 (43.5) | 56 (31.6) | 49.9 ± 15.5 |
| χ2 = 14.54, df = 6, p < 0.001* | f = 3.18, p = 0.023* | |||
| Geographical region of employment | ||||
| Central | 124 (28.4) | 192 (44.0) | 120 (27.5) | 47.9 ± 13.5 |
| Eastern | 50 (27.3) | 88 (48.1) | 45 (24.6) | 47.8 ± 12.6 |
| Western | 39 (17.3) | 116 (51.6) | 70 (31.1) | 50.1 ± 11.2 |
| χ2 = 11.09, df = 4, p = 0.026* | f = 2.2.58, p = 0.076 | |||
| Direct patient contact | ||||
| Yes | 120 (24.0) | 224 (44.8) | 156 (31.2) | 49.1 ± 12.5 |
| No | 93 (27.0) | 172 (50.0) | 79 (23.0) | 47.7 ± 13.2 |
| χ2 = 6.88, df = 2, p = 0.032* | t = 1.58, p = 0.11 | |||
| Positive family member | ||||
| yes | 11 (25.0) | 21 (47.7) | 12 (27.3) | 49.4 ± 12.6 |
| No/Don’t know | 202 (25.3) | 375 (46.9) | 223 (27.9) | 48.4 ± 12.8 |
| χ2 = 0.013, df = 2, p = 0.99 | t = 0.48, p = 0.63 | |||
| Living condition | ||||
| Alone | 59 (36.4) | 70 (43.2) | 33 (20.4) | 45.1 ± 12.8 |
| With others | 154 (22.6) | 326 (47.8) | 202 (29.6) | 49.3 ± 12.7 |
| χ2 = 14.54, df = 2, p = 0.001* | t = 3.84, p < 0.001* | |||
χ2 Pearson Chi squared test, f Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, *--Statistically significant difference, df degree of freedom