. 2019 Oct 15;22(5):447–453. doi: 10.4103/aja.aja_104_19

Table 1.

Descriptive and statistical results of sperm biomarkers in uncapacitated and swim-up capacitated conditions

	Uncapacitated, mean±s.d.	1 h capacitated, mean±s.d.	4 h capacitated, mean±s.d.
Concentration (10⁶ ml^-1)	54.7±26.2	8.6±5.9^a	8.9±3.5^b
Total motility (%)	70.9±14.8	97.5±1.9^a	96.3±1.5^b
Viability (%)	82.5±15.1	96.7±2.3^a	95.9±1.6^b
Normal morphology (%)	9.7±6.2	19.3±9.2	26.6±13.8^b
Acrosomal reaction (%)
Spontaneous	12.0±6.7	16.5±9.5	23.8±8.2^b
Calcium ionophore	−	80.9±6.8	81.2±6.9
Tyrosine phosphorylation (%)
ES	1.5±3.2	16.5±6.0^a	18.1±7.2^b
PP	3.2±1.9	17.2±5.6^a	25.3±4.5^b,c
ES + PP	0.0±0.0	5.5±4.4^a	9.7±7.2^b
DNA fragmentation (%)	14.0±12.7	3.3±4.0	2.0±2.3^b
Sugar-binding patterns, AAA lectin (%)
P1	28.7±16.2	43.3±20.1	59.3±15.4^b
P2	6.0±7.3	32.4±17.6^a	21.1±10.6^b
P3	4.0±6.6	2.3±6.2	2.2±5.7
P4	45.2±15.1	4.8±5.8^a	3.6±4.8^b
P5	16.0±11.8	17.0±18.3	13.6±11.1
Sugar-binding patterns, ConA lectin (%)
P1	55.5±16.9	49.0±24.0	38.9±20.2
P2	26.0±13.9	26.4±14.9	45.0±17.0^b,c
P3	3.4±4.5	1.3±4.0	2.7±4.8
P4	4.6±10.7	3.2±5.8	7.9±4.7
P5	10.2±8.5	19.8±26.5	5.3±6.6
Sugar-binding patterns, PNA lectin (%)
P1	45.8±29.9	67.8±21.8	68.0±21.6
P3	19.9±15.9	9.8±10.0	17.9±13.3
P5	34.2±30.9	22.3±22.6	14.0±14.0
Sugar-binding patterns, WGA lectin (%)
P1	59.7±12.9	41.3±11.2^a	35.1±7.3^b
P3	7.4±9.0	4.5±6.3	13.4±10.9
P4	23.1±10.3	47.4±12.0^a	42.1±17.0^b
P5	9.9±10.7	6.7±9.1	9.2±10.2

Letters a, b, and c indicate significant differences at P<0.05 level according to Kruskal–Wallis test between capacitation times: ^aT0 versus T1, ^bT0 versus T4, and ^cT1 versus T4. ES: equatorial segment; PP: principal piece; AAA: Aleuria aurantia agglutinin; ConA: Concanavalin A; PNA: Peanut agglutinin; WGA: Wheat germ agglutinin; s.d.: standard deviation