Table 1. Characteristics of MSI-H and EMAST/IAMA CRCs and patients.

CRC=colorectal cancer; MSI-H=microsatellite instability-high; EMAST=elevated microsatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotide repeats; IAMA=inflammation-associated microsatellite alterations; MSS=microsatellite stable

Type of MSI	Frequency among CRCs	Immune Mechanism	Patient prognosis (compared with MSS CRCs)	5-fluorouracil sensitivity	Immune Checkpoint Sensitivity
MSI-H	15%	Generates protective adaptive inflammation	Good	Low	High
EMAST/IAMA	50%	Caused by innate inflammation	Poor	Moderate to High	Low